Summary
The pancreatic islet tissue of the bony fish Xiphophorus helleri H. is innervated by amyelinic fibers. Neuroglandular junctions on the islet cells show a structure similar to that of the synapses of the central nervous system. Presynaptic projections, intrasynaptic lines, and postsynaptic bands are to be observed. In the nerve endings two kinds of vesicles occur: large granular vesicles (diameter:850–1150 Å) and small clear vesicles (diameter: 500–650 Å). Synaptic vesicles are gathered around the presynaptic dense projections. This precise organization suggests the existence of a direct nervous control involved in the metabolism of the pancreatic hormones.
Zusammenfassung
Die innersekretorische Pankreasinsel des Teleostiers Xiphophorus helleri H. (Teleostei) wird von marklosen Fasern innerviert. Die neuroglandularen Verbindungen an den Inselzellen zeigen Strukturen, die mit den Synapsen des Zentralnervensystems verglichen werden können. Man kann folgende Bestandteile feststellen: prä- und postsynaptische Verdickungen, intrasynaptische Spaltlinien. In den Nervenendigungen findet man zwei Arten von Vesikeln vor: große elektronendichte Vesikel (Durchmesser: 850–1150 Å); kleine durchsichtige Vesikel (Durchmesser: 500–650 Å). Die synaptischen Vesikel sind oft rings um die präsynaptischen Verdickungen gelagert. Eine so regelmäßige Anordnung deutet auf eine direkte Nervenkontrolle des Inselapparates.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Bibliographie
Akert, K., Pfenninger, K.: Synaptic fine structure and neural dynamics. In: Cellular dynamics of the neuron (S. H. Barondes, ed.), p. 245–260. New York-London: Academic Press 1969.
Alm, P., Cegrell, L., Ehinger, B., Falck, B.: Remarkable adrenergic nerves in the exocrine pancreas. Z. Zellforsch. 83, 178–186 (1967).
Bargmann, W.: Die Langerhansschen Inseln des Pankreas. In: Handbuch der mikroskopischen Anatomie des Menschen (W. v. Möllendorff, Ed.), Bd. VI/2, S. 197–288. Berlin: Springer 1939.
—, Lindner, E., Andres, K. H.: Über Synapsen an endokrinen Epithelzellen und die Definition sekretorischer Neurone. Untersuchungen am Zwischenlappen der Katzenhypophyse. Z. Zellforsch. 77, 282–298 (1967).
Bencosme, S. A.: Studies on the terminal autonomic nervous system with special reference to the pancreatic islets. Lab. Invest. 8, 629–646 (1959).
—, Meyer, J., Bergman, B. J., Martinez-Palomo, A.: The principal islet of bullhead fish (Ictalurus nebulosus). Rev. canad. Biol. 24, 141–154 (1965).
Bennett, M. R., Rogers, D. C.: A study of the innervation of the taenia coli. J. Cell Biol. 33, 573–596 (1967).
Bensch, K. G., Gordon, G. B., Miller, L. R.: Studies on the bronchial counterpart of the Kultschitzky (argentaffin) cell and innervation of bronchial glands. J. Ultrastruct. Res. 12, 668–686 (1965).
Bloom, F. E., Aghajanian, G. K.: Fine structural and cytochemical analysis of the staining of synaptic junctions with phosphotungstic acid. J. Ultrastruct. Res. 22, 361–375 (1968).
Campenhout, E. van: Étude sur le développement et la signification morphologique des îlots endocrines du pancréas chez l'embryon de Mouton. Arch. Biol. (Liège) 35, 45–88 (1925).
Cegrell, L., Falck, B.: A catecholamine storage in the pancreatic A2-cells of owl monkey (Aotes trivirgatus). Z. Zellforsch. 94, 530–534 (1969).
—, Hellman, B.: Monoaminergic mechanisms in the endocrine pancreas. In: The structure and metabolism of the pancreatic islets (S. E. Brolin, B. Hellman, H. Knutson, eds.), p. 429–435. Oxford-London: Pergamon Press 1964.
Coupland, R. E.: The innervation of pancreas of the rat, cat and rabbit as revealed by the cholinesterase technique. J. Anat. (Lond.) 92, 143–149 (1958).
—: Electron microscopic observations on the structure of the rat adrenal medulla II. Normal innervation. J. Anat. (Lond.) 99, 255–272 (1965).
Doerr-Schott, J., Follénius, E.: Innervation de l'hypophyse intermédiaire de Rana esculenta et identification des fibres aminergiques par autoradiographie au microscope électronique. Z. Zellforsch. 106, 99–118 (1970).
Ehinger, B., Falck, B., Sporrong, B.: Possible axo-axonal synapses between peripheral adrenergic and cholinergic nerve terminals. Z. Zellforsch. 107, 508–521 (1970).
Falck, B., Hellman, B.: Evidence for the presence of biogenic amines in pancreatic islets. Experientia (Basel) 19, 139–140 (1963).
Falkmer, S., Olsson, R.: Ultrastructure of the pancreatic islet tissue of normal and alloxanetreated Cottus scorpius. Acta endocr. (Kbh.) 39, 32–46 (1962).
Faller, A., Lange, R.: Kombinierte licht- und elektronenmikroskopische Analyse des Zellbildes in den Langerhansschen Inseln des Karpfens. Arch. histol. jap. 31, 73–80 (1969).
Ferner, H.: Das Inselsystem des Pankreas. Stuttgart: Thieme 1952.
Follénius, E.: Innervation des cellules interstitielles chez un poisson téléostéen Lebistes reticulatus R. Étude au microscope électronique. C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 259, 228–230 (1964).
—: La localisation fine des terminaisons nerveuses fixant la noradrénaline H3 dans les différents lobes de l'adénohypophyse de l'Epinoche. In: Aspects of neuroendocrinology, V Intern. Symp. on Neurosecretion (W. Bargmann, B. Scharrer, eds.), p. 232–244. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1970.
Fujita, T.: Histological studies on the neuro-insular complex in the pancreas of some mammals. Z. Zellforsch. 50, 94–109 (1959).
Girod, C.: Leçons sur les glandes endocrines. Lyon: Simep éditions 1968.
Gray, E. G.: Tissue of the central nervous system. In: Electron microscopic anatomy (S. M. Kurtz, ed.), p. 369–417. New York-London: Academic Press 1964.
Grynszpan-Winograd, O.: Différence dans l'innervation des ≪cellules à adrénaline≫ et des ≪cellules à noradrénaline≫ de la médullo-surrénale de Hamster. C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris), Sér. D, 268, 1420–1422 (1969).
Hökfelt, T.: On the ultrastructural localization of noradrenaline in the central nervous system of the rat. Z. Zellforsch. 79, 110–117 (1967).
—: Electron microscopic studies on peripheral and central monoamine neurons. In: Aspects of neuroendocrinology, V Intern. Symp. on Neurosecretion (W. Bargmann, B. Scharrer, eds.), p. 79–94. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1970.
—, Jonsson, G.: Studies on reaction and binding of monoamines after fixation and processing for electron microscopy with special reference to fixation with potassium permanganate. Histochemie 16, 45–67 (1968).
Honjin, R.: The innervation of the pancreas of the mouse, with special reference to the structure of the peripheral extension of the vegetative nervous system. J. comp. Neurol. 104, 331–371 (1956).
Kobayashi, K.: Electron microscope studies of the Langerhans islets in the toad pancreas. Arch. histol. jap. 26, 439–482 (1966).
Kobayashi, S., Fujita, T.: Fine structure of mammalian and avian pancreatic islets with special reference to D cells and nervous elements. Z. Zellforsch. 100, 340–363 (1969).
Kobayashi, Y.: Functional morphology of the pars intermedia of the rat hypophysis as revealed with the electron microscope II. Correlation of the pars intermedia with the hypophyseo-adrenal axis. Z. Zellforsch. 68, 155–171 (1965).
Lange, R.: Zur Kenntnis der Feinstruktur der Langerhansschen Inseln von hungernden Fröschen. Z. Zellforsch. 65, 176–187 (1965).
Legg, P. G.: The fine structure and innervation of the beta and delta cells in the islet of Langerhans of the cat. Z. Zellforsch. 80, 307–321 (1967).
Lever, J. D., Graham, J. D. P., Irvine, G., Chick, W. J.: The vesiculated axons in relation to arteriolar smooth muscle in the pancreas. A fine structural and quantitative study. J. Anat. (Lond.) 99, 299–313 (1965).
Libman, L. J., Sutherland, S. D.: An investigation into the intrinsic innervation of the pancreas. J. Anat. (Lond.) 99, 420–421 (1965).
Like, A. A., Tashima, L. S., Cahill, G. F.: The giant islet of the toad fish Opsanus tau L., an electron microscopic study. V Congr. Intern. Diabetes Feder. 74, 68 (1964).
Mayhew, D. A., Wright, P. H., Ashmore, J.: Regulation of insulin secretion. Pharmacol. Rev. 21, 183–212 (1969).
Merrillees, N. C. R., Burnstock, B., Holman, M.: Correlation of fine structure and physiology for the innervation of smooth muscle in the guinea pig vas deferens. J. Cell Biol. 19, 529–550 (1963).
Richardson, K. C.: The fine structure of autonomic nerve endings in smooth muscle of the rat vas deferens. J. Anat. (Lond.) 96, 427–442 (1962).
—: The fine structure of the rabbit iris with special reference to the identification of adrenergic and cholinergic nerves and nerve endings in its intrinsic muscles. Amer. J. Anat. 114, 173–205 (1964).
—: Electron microscopic identification of autonomic nerve endings. Nature (Lond.) 210, 756 (1966).
Rogers, D. C.: Fine structure of smooth muscle and neuromuscular junctions in the optic tentacles of Helix aspersa and Limax flavus. Z. Zellforsch. 89, 80–94 (1968).
Schmitt, F. O.: Fibrous proteins and neuronal dynamics. In: Cellular dynamics of the neuron (S. H. Barondes, ed.), p. 95–111. New York-London: Academic Press 1969.
Scott, B. L., Pease, D. C.: Electron microscopy of the salivary and lacrimal glands of the rat. Amer. J. Anat. 104, 115–162 (1959).
Shorr, S. S., Bloom, F. E.: Fine structure of islet-cell innervation in the pancreas of normal and alloxan-treated rats. Z. Zellforsch. 103, 12–25 (1970).
Simard, L. C.: Les complexes neuro-insulaires du pancréas humain. Arch. Anat. micr. Morph. exp. 33, 49–64 (1937).
Stahl, M.: Elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen über die vegetative Innervation der Bauchspeicheldrüse. Z. mikr.-anat. Forsch. 70, 62–102 (1963).
Thaemert, J. C.: Ultrastructural interrelationships of nerve processes and smooth muscle cells in three dimensions. J. Cell Biol. 28, 37–49 (1966).
—: Fine structure of neuromuscular relationships in mouse heart. Anat. Rec. 163, 575–586 (1969).
Théret, C., Palayer, P.: Étude comparative des ultrastructures de la cellule B du pancréas endocrine de quelques Téléostéens. C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris), Sér. D, 265, 915–918 (1967).
Titlbach, M.: Feinstruktur der Zellen der Langerhansschen Inseln bei Cyprinus carpio L. Z. mikr.-anat. Forsch. 75, 184–197 (1966).
—: A contribution to the investigation by light and electron microscope of Langerhans islets of the carp (Cyprinus carpio). Folia morph. (Cz) 16, 325–352 (1968).
—: The identification of the types of Langerhans islets cells II. Electron microscopical study. Folia morph. (Cz) 17, 17–30 (1969).
Tranzer, J. P., Thoenen, H.: Significance of “empty vesicles” in postganglionic sympathetic nerve terminals. Experientia (Basel) 23, 123–124 (1967a).
—: Electron microscopic localization of 5-hydroxydopamine (3,4,5 trihydroxy-phenylethylamine), a new “false” sympathetic transmitter. Experientia (Basel) 23, 743–745 (1967b).
Unsicker, K.: Zur Innervation der interstitiellen Drüse im Ovar der Maus (Mus musculus L.) Eine fluoreszenz- und elektronenmikroskopische Studie. Z. Zellforsch. 109, 46–54 (1970).
Vinnikov, Ya. A.: The ultrastructural and cytochemical bases of the mechanism of function of the sense organ receptors. In: The structure and function of nervous tissue (G. H. Bourne, ed.), vol. II, p. 265–392. New York-London: Academic Press 1969.
Watari, N.: Fine structure of nervous elements in the pancreas of some vertebrates. Z. Zellforsch. 85, 291–314 (1968).
—, Tsukagoshi, N., Honma, Y.: The correlative light and electron microscopy of the islets of Langerhans in some lower vertebrates. Arch. histol. jap. 31, 371–392 (1970).
Winborn, W. B.: Light and electron microscopy of the islets of Langerhans of the Saimiri monkey pancreas. Anat. Rec. 147, 65–94 (1963).
Yamada, E.: Some observations on the nerve terminal on the liver parenchymal cell of the mouse as revealed by electron microscopy. Okajimas Folia anat. jap. 40, 663–677 (1965).
Yamamoto, T.: On the fine structure of the terminal portion of nasal gland in guinea pig, with special reference to the interrelationship between glandular cells and nerve endings. Arch. histol. jap. 27, 311–325 (1966).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Avec la collaboration technique de M. D. Streicher.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Klein, C. Innervation des cellules du pancréas endocrine du Poisson Téléostéen Xiphophorus helleri H.. Z. Zellforsch. 113, 564–580 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00325674
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00325674