Summary
The assay for CFU-GEMM has provided a measurement for pluripotent hemopoietic precursors in normal and abnormal hemopoiesis. While these cells are able to express the functional repertoire that includes not only myelopoiesis but also lymphopoiesis attempts to determine their self-renewal have shown little or no self-renewal capability. It is currently not known whether this observation reflects culture conditions favouring differentiation processes and surpressing self-renewal, or whether the observation made in culture truly reflects the potential of cells in vivo. Recent advances in molecular biology have lead to the identification of the genomic sequences of at least one of the hemopoietic growth factors thus confirming their importance as regulators.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Johnson GR, Metcalf D (1977) Pure and mixed erythroid colony formation in vitro stimulated by spleen conditioned medium with no detectable erythropoietin. PNAS 74: 3879–3882
Fauser AA, Messner HA (1978) Granuloerythropoietic colonies in human bone marrow, peripheral blood and cord blood. Blood 52: 1243–1248
Fauser AA, Messner HA (1979) Identification of megakaryocytes, macrophages, and eosinophils of colonies of human bone marrow containing neutrophilic granulocytes and erythroblasts. Blood 53: 1023–1027
Messner HA, Fauser AA (1980) Culture studies of human pluripotent hemopoietic progenitors. Blut 41: 327
Messner HA, Jamal N, Izaguirre C (1982) The growth of large megakaryocyte colonies from human bone marrow. J Cell Physiol (Suppl 1): 45–51
Messner HA (1984) Multipotent Stem Cells in Vitro. Churchill, Livingstone, pp 73–86
Messner HA, Izaguirre CA, Jamal N (1981) Identification of T-lymphocytes in human mixed hemopoietic colonies. Blood 58: 402
Lim B, Jamal N, Tritchler D, Messner HA (1984) G6PD Isoenzyme analysis of myeloid and lymphoid cells in human multilineage colonies. Blood, 63, 1481–1487
Hara H (1983) Presence of cells in B-cell lineage in mixed (GEMM) colonies from murine marrow cells. Int J Cell Cloning 1: 171–181
Fauser AA, Kanz L, Lohr GW (1985) Identification of B cells in multilineage hematopoietic colonies derived from cells of patients with lymphocytic lymphoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82: 883–885
Powell JS, Fialkow PJ, Adamson JW (1982) Polycythemia vera: Studies of hemopoiesis in continuous long term culture of human marrow. J Cell Physiol (Suppl 1): 79–82
Lim B, Jamal N, Messner HA (1984) Flexible association of hemopoietic differentiation programs in multilineage colonies. J Cell Physiol 121: 291–297
Nakahata T, Gross AJ, Ogawa M (1982) Hemopoietic colony-forming cells in umbilical cord blood with extensive capability to generate mono- and multipotential hemopoietic progenitors. J Clin Invest 70: 1324–1328
Nakahata T, Tsuji K, Ishiguro A, Ando O, Norose N, Koike K, Akabane T (1985) Single-cell origin of human mixed hemopoietic colonies expressing various combinations of cell lineages. Blood 65: 1010–1016
Lusis AJ, Golde DW (1981) Human T-lymphocyte-derived erythroid-potentiating activity: Partial purification and characterization. In Stamatoyannopoulos, Nienhuis, Proceedings 2nd Conference on Hemoglobin Switching. Grune and Stratton, New York
Lusis AJ, Quon DH, Golde DW (1981) Purification and characterization of a human T-lymphocyte derived granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Blood 57: 13–21
Welte K, Platzer E, Lu L, Garbrilove JL, Levi E, Mertelsmann R, Moore MAS (1985) Purification and biochemical characterization of human pluripotent hematopoietic colony-stimulating factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82: 1526–1530
Fauser AA, Messner HA, Lusis AJ, Golde DW (1981) Stimulatory activity for human pluripotent hemopoietic progenitors produced by a human T-lymphocyte cell line. Stem Cells 1: 73–80
Myers CD, Katz FE, Joshi G, Millar JL (1984) A cell line secreting stimulating factors for CFU-GEMM culture. Blood 64: 152–155
Hoang T, McCulloch EA (1985) Production of leukemic blast growth factor by a human bladder carcinoma cell line. Blood 66: 748–751
Kawasaki ES, Ladner MB, Wang AM, et al (1985) Molecular cloning of a complementary DNA encoding human macrophage-specific colony-stimulating factor (CSF-1). Science 230: 291–296
Wong GC, Witek JS, Temple PA, Wilkens KM, et al (1985) Human GM-CSF: Molecular cloning of the complementary DNA and purification of the natural and recombnant proteins. Science 228: 810–815
Kaushansky K, O'Hara P, Berkner K, et al (1985) Genomic cloning and expression of human granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF): Evidence for multilineage effect of the CSF. Blood (Suppl 1) 66: Abstract No. 500
Donahue RE, Emerson SG, Wang EA, Wong GG, et al (1985) Demonstration of burst-promoting activity of recombinant human GM-CSF on circulating erythroid progenitors using an assay involving the delayed addition of erythropoietin. Blood 66: 1479–1481
Solberg LA, Jamal N, Messner HA (1985) Characterization of human megakaryocytic colony formation in human plasma. J Cell Physiol 124: 67–74
Messner HA (1986) Human clonogenic hemopoietic precursors in cell culture. (In Press)
Broxmeyer HE, Bognacki J, Dorner MH, DeSousa M (1981) The identification of leukemia-associated inhibitory activity (L1A) as acidic isoferritins: A regulatory role for acidic isoferritins in the production of granulocytes and macrophages. J Exp Med 153: 1426–1444
Messner HA, Fauser AA, Lepine J, Martin M (1980) Properties of human pluripotent hemopoietic progenitors. Blood Cells 6: 595–607
de Witte T, Koekman E, Geestman E, Plas A, Blankenborg G, Wessels J, Haanen C (1984) Separation of immunoreactive lymphocytes from human pluripotent stem cells (CFU-GEMM) by means of counterflow centrifugation. Blut 48: 139–145
Becker AJ, McCulloch EA, Siminovitch L, Till JE (1965) The effect of differing demands for blood cell production in DNA synthesis by hemopoietic colony-forming cells of mice. Blood 26: 296–308
Iscove NN, Till JE, McCulloch EA (1970) The proliferative states of mouse granulopoietic progenitor cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 134: 33–36
Lepine J, Messner HA (1983) Pluripotent hemopoietic progenitors (CFU-GEMM) in chronic myelogenous leukemia. Int J Cell Cloning 1, 230–239
Fauser AA, Kanz L, Lohr GW (1985) Identification of B cells in multilineage hematopoietic colonies derived from cells of patients with lymphocytic lymphoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82: 883–885
Lu L, Broxmeyer HE, Meyers PA, Moore MAS, Tholer HT (1983) Association of cell cycle expression of I a-like antigenic determinants on normal human multipotential (CFU-GEMM) and erythroid (BFU-E) progenitor cells with regulation in vitro by acidic isoferritins. Blood 61: 250
Bodger MP, Izaguirre CA, Blacklock HA, Hoffbrand AV (1983) Surface antigenic determinants on human pluripotent and unipotent hematopoietic progenitor cells. Blood 61: 1006–1010
Civin CI, Strauss LC, Brovall C, Fackler MJ, Schwartz JF, Shaper JH (1984) Antigenic analysis of hematopoietic progenitor cell surface antigen defined by a monoclonal antibody raised against KG-1 a cells. J Immunol 133: 157–165
Metcalf D (1981) Control of hemopoietic cell proliferation and differentiation In: Cunningham D, Goldwasser E, Watson CF (eds) Progress in Clinical and Biological Research Vol 66 A. Liss, New York, pp 473–486
Messner HA, Fauser AA (1981) Human pluripotent hemopoietic progenitors (CFU-GEMM) in culture. Proceedings of the Conference on Aplastic Anemia: A Stem Cell Disease. NIH Publication No. 81–1008
Ash RC, Detrick RA, Zanjani ED (1981) Studies of human pluripotent hemopoietic stem cells (CFU-GEMM) in vitro. Blood 58: 309–316
Messner HA, Curtis JE, Minden MD, Tritchler D, Lockwood G, Takahashi T, Lepine J, Jamal N, Tweeddale M, Wandl U (1986) (Submitted for publication)
Rowley SD, Stuart RK (1983) 4-Hydroperoxycyclophosphamide (4-HC) effects on human pluripotent stem cells (CFU-GEMM) in vitro. J Exp Hem Suppl 1: Abstract No. 11
Boggs DR, Boggs SS, Saxe DF, Gress LA (1982) Heamtopoietic stem cells with high proliferative potential — assay of their concentration in marrow by the frequency and duration of cure of W/Wv mice. J Clin Invest 70: 242–253
Harrison DE, Clinton MA (1982) Loss of stem cell repopulating ability upon transplantation — effects of donor age, cell number, and transplantation procedure. J Exp Med 156: 1767–1779
Messner HA (393) Human stem cells in culture. Clin Haematol 13: 393–404
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Messner, H.A. The role of CFU-GEMM in human hemopoiesis. Blut 53, 269–277 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00320884
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00320884