Summary
Neural tubes containing premigratory neural crest cells from head and trunk levels as well as somites containing neural crest cells that have migrated away from the neural crest were grafted orthotopically and heterotopically from quail embryos to chicken embryos. Schwann cells and melanocytes of donor origin developed after all grafting procedures. Cartilage developed only from neural crest cells of head levels. No skeletal muscle was ever observed to develop from the neural crest. The development of these different cell types from heterotopically grafted premigratory neural crest cells indicates that the neural crest is not a population of pluripotent undeterminated cells, but that at least some determinated cells are present within it before the onset of emigration of neural crest cells from the neural crest. Different neural-crest-derived cell populations exhibit different migratory behaviour: After heterotopically grafting quail neural crest cells to the wing buds of chicken embryos. Schwann cells and non-epidermal melanocytes were found to have migrated proximally and distally away from the grafts. Epidermal melanocytes of donor origin were found to have migrated in a distal direction essentially.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abercrombie M, Heaysman JEM (1954) Observations on the social behaviour of cells in tissue culture II: Monolayering of fibroblasts. Exp Cell Res 6:293–306
Baron van Evercooren A, Kleinman HK, Seppä HEJ, Rentier B, Dubois-Dalcq M (1982) Fibronectin promotes rat Schwann cell growth and motility. J Cell Biol 93:211–216
Christ B, Jacob HJ, Jacob M (1972) Eine neue Transplantationstechnik bei Hühnerembryonen. Experientia 28:1524–1525
Czihak G, Langer H, Ziegler H (1978) Biologie, second ed. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
Dorris F (1939) The production of pigment by chick neural crest in grafts to the three day limb bud. J Exp Zool 80:315–345
Ede DA (1978) An introduction to developmental biology. Blackie Glasgow London
Hall BK, Tremaine R (1978) Ability of neural crest cells from the embryonic chick to differentiate into cartilage before their migration away from the neural tube. Anat Rec 194:469–476
Hamburger V, Hamilton H (1951) A series of normal stages in the development of the chick embryo. J Morphol 88:49–92
Hamilton HL (1940) A study of the physiological properties of melanophores with special reference to their role in feather coloration. Anat Rec 78:525–547
Harrison RG (1906) Further experiments on the development of peripheral nerves. Am J Anat 5:121–131
Harrison RG (1924) Neuroblast versus sheath cell in the development of peripheral nerves. J Comp Neurol 37:123–194
His W (1868) Untersuchungen über die erste Anlage des Wirbeltierleibes. Die erste Entwicklung des Hühnchens im Ei. FCW Vogel, Leipzig
Hörstadius S (1950) The neural crest. Oxford University Press, New York London
Holtzer H, Weintraub H, Mayne R, Mochan B (1972) The cell cycle, cell lineages and cell differentiation. Curr Top Dev Biol 7:229–256
Jones DS (1938) The origin of sheath cells in the chick. Anat Rec 70 [suppl]:42
Jones DS (1939) Studies on the origin of sheath cells and sympathetic ganglia in the chick. Anat Rec 73:343–357
Klüver H, Barrera E (1953) A method for the combined staining of cells and fibers in the nervous system. J Neuropath Exp Neurol 12:400–403
Le Douarin N (1969) Particularités du noyau interphasique chez la caille japonaise (Coturnix coturnix iaponica). Utilisation des ces particularités comme “marquage biologique” dans les recherches sur les interactions tissulaires et les migrations cellulaires au cours de l'ontogenèse. Bull Biol Fr [Belg] 103:435–452
Le Douarin N (1980) The ontogeny of the neural crest in avian embryo chimaeras. Nature 286:663–669
Le Douarin N (1982) The Neural Crest. Cambridge University Press Cambridge London New York New Rochelle Melbourne Sydney
McCarthy JB, Palm SL, Furcht LT (1983) Migration by haptotaxis of a Schwann cell tumor line to the basement membrane glycoprotein laminin. J Cell Biol 97:772–777
Nakamura H, Ayer-Le Lievre CS (1982) Mesectodermal capabilities of the trunk neural crest of birds. J Embryol Exp Morphol 70:1–18
Newgreen DF, Ritterman M, Peters EA (1979) Morphology and behaviour of neural crest cells of chicken embryos in vitro. Cell Tissue Res 203:125–138
Palm SL, Furcht LT (1983) Production of laminin and fibronectin by Schwannoma cells: Cell-protein interactions in vitro and protein localization in vivo. J Cell Biol 96:1218–1226
Ris H (1941) An experimental study of the origin of melanophores in birds. Physiol Zool 14:48–66
Starck D (1974) Embryologie, third ed. Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart
Stump RF, Robinson KR (1983) Xenopus neural crest cell migration in an applied electrical field. J Cell Biol 97:1226–1233
Teillet MA, Le Douarin NM (1970) La migration des cellules pigmentaires étudiée par la méthode des greffes heterospecifiques de tube nerveux chez l'embryon d'oiseau. CR Acad Sci [Paris] D 270:3095–3098
Tosney KW (1978) The early migration of neural crest cells in the trunk region of the avian embryo: an electron microscopic study. Dev Biol 62:317–333
Tosney KW (1982) The segregation and early migration of cranial neural crest cells in the avian embryo. Dev Biol 89:13–24
Trinkaus JP (1982) Some thoughts on directional cell movement during morphogenesis. In: Bellairs R, Curtis A, Dunn G (eds). Cell behaviour. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge London New York New Rochelle Mclbourne Sydney
Twitty VC, Niu MC (1954) The motivation of cell migration studied by the isolation of embryonic pigment cells singly and in small groups in vitro. J Exp Zool 125:541–574
Wachtler F (1984) Über den möglichen doppelten Ursprung der Schwann'schen Zellen. Verh Anat Ges (in press)
Weston JA (1970) The migration and differentiation of neural crest cells. Adv Morphogen 8:41–114
Weston JA (1982) Motile and social behaviour of neural crest cells. In: Bellairs R, Curtis A, Dunn G (eds). Cell behaviour. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge London New York New Rochelle Melbourne Sydney
Ziller C, Smith J (1982) Migration and differentiation of neural crest cells and their derivatives: in vivo and in vitro studies on the early development of the avian peripheral nervous system. Reprod Nutr Dev 22:153–162
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
This work was supported by the “Österreichischer Fonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung” (P 4680)
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wachtler, F. On the differentiation and migration of some non-neuronal neural crest derived cell types. Anat Embryol 170, 161–168 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00319001
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00319001