Abstract
Bovine retinae were stained immunocytochemically with antibodies against the calcium-binding protein, calbindin. Horizontal cells in the outer plexiform layer were heavily labelled. The processes of most horizontal cells were confined to the level of the outer plexiform layer, and the tips of their dendrites were positioned as the lateral elements of the cone triads, viz. the usual mammalian arrangement. However, some of the horizontal cells had additional thick processes descending to branch within the inner plexiform layer, where they were postsynaptic at bipolar cell dyads and where they also received input from amacrine cells. No output synapses of horizontal cells were observed in the inner plexiform layer.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Baquis E (1890) La retina della faina. Anat Anz 5:366–371
Boycott BB, Wässle H (1991) Morphological classification of bipolar cells of the primate retina. Eur J Neurosci 3:1069–1088
Boycott BB, Peichl L, Wässle H (1978) Morphological types of horizontal cell in the retina of the domestic cat. Proc R Soc Lond [Biol] 203:229–245
Boycott BB, Hopkins JM, Sperling HG (1987) Cone connections of the horizontal cells of the rhesus monkey's retina. Proc R Soc Lond [Biol] 229:345–379
Brecha NC, Oyster CW, Takahashi ES (1984) Identification and characterization of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive amacrine cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 25:66–70
Cajal SR (1893) La rétine des vertébrés. Cellule 9:119–255
Cajal SR (1911) Histologie du système nerveux de l'homme et des vertébrés 2. Maloine, Paris. Reprinted (1952) Consejo superior de investigaciones cientificas, Instituto Ramon y Cajal, Madrid
Cajal SR (1960) Studies on vertebrate neurogenesis (transl. by Lloyd Guth). Thomas, Springfield, Ill
Chun MH, Brecha N, Wässle H (1992) Light- and electron-microscopic studies of the somatostatin-immunoreactive plexus in the cat retina. Cell Tissue Res 267:57–66
Chun MH, Han SH, Chung JW, Wässle H (1993) Electron microscopic analysis of the rod pathway of the rat retina. J Comp Neurol (in press)
Dogiel AS (1891) Über die nervösen Elemente in der Retina des Menschen. Arch Mikrosk Anat 38:317–344
Dowling JE (1987) The retina, an approachable part of the brain. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA
Dowling JE (1991) Retinal neuromodulation: the role of dopamine. Vis Neurosci 7:87–97
Dowling JE, Boycott BB (1966) Organization of the primate retina: electron microscopy. Proc R Soc Lond [Biol] 166:80–111
Dowling JE, Brown JE, Major D (1966) Synapses of horizontal cells in rabbit and cat retinas. Science 153:1639–1641
Ehinger B, Falck B (1969) Adrenergic retinal neurons of some New World monkeys. Z Zellforsch 100:364–375
Ehinger B, Falck B, Laties AM (1969) Adrenergic neurons in teleost retina. Z Zellforsch 97:285–297
Famiglietti EV, Kaneko A, Tachibana M (1977) Neuronal architecture of on and off pathways to ganglion cells in carp retina. Science 198:1267–1269
Fisher SK, Linberg KA, Kolb H (1986) A Golgi study of bipolar and horizontal cells in the human retina. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci [Suppl] 27:203
Gallego A (1985) Advances in horizontal cell terminology since Cajal. In: Gallego A, Gouras P (eds) Neurocircuitry of the retina, a Cajal memorial. Elsevier, New York Amsterdam Oxford, pp 122–140
Greferath U, Grünert U, Wässle H (1990) Rod bipolar cells in the mammalian retina show protein kinase C-like immunoreactivity. J Comp Neurol 301:433–442
Grünert U, Martin PR (1991) Rod bipolar cells in the macaque monkey retina: immunoreactivity and connectivity. J Neurosci 11:2742–2758
Kolb H, Linberg KA, Fisher SK (1992) Neurons of the human retina: a Golgi study. J Comp Neurol 318:147–187
Massey SC (1990) Cell types using glutamate as a neurotransmitter in the vertebrate retina. In: Osborne N, Chader G (eds) Progress in retinal research, vol 9. Pergamon, Oxford New York Toronto, pp 399–425
Negishi K, Teranishi T, Kato S (1990) The dopamine system of the teleost fish retina. In: Osborne N, Chader G (eds) Progress in retinal research, vol 9. Pergamon, Oxford New York Toronto, pp 1–48
Nelson R, Famiglietti EV, Kolb H (1978) Intracellular staining reveals different levels of stratification for on- and off-center ganglion cells in cat retina. J Neurophysiol 41:472–483
Nguyen-Legros J, Moussafi F, Simon A (1990) Sclerally directed processes of dopaminergic interplexiform cells reach the outer nuclear layer in rat and monkey retina. Vis Neurosci 4:547–553
Oyster CW, Takahashi ES, Cilluffo M, Brecha NC (1985) Morphology and distribution of tyrosine hydroxylase-like immunoreactive neurons in the cat retina. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82:6335–6339
Pasteels B, Rogers J, Blachier F, Pochet R (1990) Calbindin and calretinin localization in retina from different species. Vis Neurosci 5:1–16
Peichl L, Bolz J (1984) Kainic acid induces sprouting of retinal neurons. Science 223:503–504
Raviola E, Dacheux RF (1983) Variations in structure and response properties of horizontal cells in the retina of the rabbit. Vision Res 23:1221–1227
Röhrenbeck J, Wässle H, Heizmann CW (1987) Immunocytochemical labelling of horizontal cells in mammalian retina using antibodies against calcium-binding proteins. Neurosci Lett 77:255–260
Röhrenbeck J, Wässle H, Boycott BB (1989) Horizontal cells in the monkey retina: immunocytochemical staining with antibodies against calcium binding proteins. Eur J Neurosci 1:407–420
Sandell JH, Masland RH (1989) Shape and distribution of an unusual retinal neuron. J Comp Neurol 280:489–497
Schnitzer J, Rusoff AC (1984) Horizontal cells of the mouse retina contain glutamic acid decarboxylase-like immunoreactivity during early developmental stages. J Neurosci 4:2948–2955
Schwartz EA (1987) Depolarization without calcium can release γ-aminobutyric acid from a retinal neuron. Science 238:350–355
Silveira LCL, Yamada ES, Picanco-Dimiz CW (1989) Displaced horizontal cells and biplexiform horizontal cells in the mammalian retina. Vis Neurosci 3:483–488
Stell WL, Ishida AT, Lightfoot DO (1977) Structural basis for on- and off-center responses in retinal bipolar cells. Science 198:1269–1271
Tartuferi F (1887) Sull anatomia della retina. Archivio per le Scienze Mediche 11:1–24
Vaney DI (1990) The mosaic of amacrine cells in the mammalian retina. In: Osborne N, Chader G (eds) Progress in retinal research vol 9. Pergamon, Oxford New York Toronto, pp 49–100
Wässle H, Boycott BB (1991) Functional architecture of the mammalian retina. Physiol Rev 71:447–480
Wässle H, Riemann HJ (1978) The mosaic of nerve cells in the mammalian retina. Proc R Soc Lond [Biol] 200:441–461
Wässle H, Peichl L, Boycott BB (1978) Topography of horizontal cells in the retina of the domestic cat. Proc R Soc Lond [Biol] 203:269–291
Witkovsky P, Schütte M (1991) The organization of dopaminergic neurons in vertebrate retina. Vis Neurosci 7:113–124
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Chun, M.H., Wässle, H. Some horizontal cells of the bovine retina receive input synapses in the inner plexiform layer. Cell Tissue Res 272, 447–457 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00318551
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00318551