Abstract
Creep experiments have been performed on samples from a single crystal of vanadium-doped forsterite under controlled\(p_{{\text{O}}_2 } \) conditions to investigate the effects of the addition of substitutional defects in the tetrahedral lattice sites. The addition of vanadium causes marked changes in the flow behavior of the forsterite, with a net increase in the creep rate at high\(p_{{\text{O}}_2 } \) and a new\(p_{{\text{O}}_2 } \) -dependent flow regime at low\(p_{{\text{O}}_2 } \) conditions. These observations can be interpreted as resulting from changes in the majority defect species that maintain the charge neutrality within the crystal. A climb-controlled dislocation creep model for the high-temperature deformation of vanadium-doped forsterite is proposed in which either (i) movement of uncharged jogs is rate-limited by the diffusion of silicon via a vacancy mechanism or (ii) movement of positively charged jogs is rate-limited by diffusion of oxygen via a vacancy mechanism.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ando K, Kurokawa H, Oishi Y, Takei H (1981) Self-diffusion coefficient of oxygen in single-crystal forsterite. Commun Am Ceram Soc C-30
Arculus RJ, Delano JW (1981) Intrinsic oxygen fugacity measurements: techniques and results for spinels from upper mantle periodotites and megacryst assemblages. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 45:899–913
Bai Q, Mackwell SJ, Kohlstedt DL (1986) in preparation
Chopra PN, Paterson MS (1981) The experimental deformation of dunite. Tectonophysics 78:453–473
Chopra PN, Paterson MS (1984) The role of water in the deformation of dunite. J Geophys Res 89:7861–7876
Darot M (1980) Deformation experimentale de l'olivine et de la forsterite. These d'Etat, Nantes University, France
Darot M, Gueguen Y (1981) High-temperature creep of forsterite single-crystals, J Geophys Res 86:6219–6234
Durham WB, Goetze C (1977) Plastic flow of oriented single crystals of olivine: I, Mechanical data. J Geophys Res 82:5737–5753
Hobbs BE (1983) Constraints on the mechanism of deformation of olivine imposed by defect chemistry. Tectonophysics 92:35–69
Jaoul O, Froidevaux C, Durham WB, Michaut M (1980) Oxygen self-diffusion in forsterite: Implications for the high-temperature creep mechanism. Earth Planet Sci Lett 47:391–397
Jaoul O, Poumellec M, Froidevaux C, Havette A (1981) Silicon diffusion in forsterite: a new constraint for understanding mantle deformation. In: Stacey FD, Paterson MS, Nicolas A (eds) Anelasticity in the Earth, Am Geophys Union, Washington, DC, pp 95–100
Jaoul O, Houlier B, Abel F (1983) Study of18O diffusion in magnesium orthosilicate by nuclear microanalysis. J Geophys Res 88:613–624
Kohlstedt DL, Goetze C (1974) Low-stress high-temperature creep in olivine single crystals. J Geophys Res 79:2045–2051
Kohlstedt DL, Ricoult DL (1984) High-temperature creep of silicate olivines. In: Tessler RE, Bradt RC (eds) Deformation of Ceramic Materials II, Materials Science Research, Vol 18, Plenum Press, NY, pp 251–280
Kroger FA, Vink HJ (1956) Relations between the concentrations of imperfections in crystalline solids. In: Seitz F, Turnball D (eds) Solid State Physics, Vol 3, Academic Press, NY, pp 307–435
Nakamura A, Schmalzried H (1983) On the nonstoichiometry and point defects of olivine. Phys Chem Minerals 10:27–37
Reddy KPR, Oh SM, Major LD, Cooper AR (1980) Oxygen diffusion in forsterite, J Geophys Res 85:322–326
Relandeau C (1981) Étude de la deformation plastique de la forsterite polycrystalline. Geophys Res Lett 8:733–736
Ricoult DL, Kohlstedt DL (1985) Experimental evidence for the effect of chemical environment upon the creep rate of olivine. In: Schock RN (ed) Point Defects in Minerals, Geophys Monogr Ser, Vol 31, Am Geophys Union, Washington DC, pp 171–184
Ricoult DL, Kohlstedt DL (1986) Creep behavior of single crystals of vanadium-doped forsterite. In press, J Am Ceram Soc
Ringwood AE (1975) Composition and Petrology of the Earth's Mantle. McGraw-Hill, New York
Ringwood AE (1979) The Origin of the Earth and Moon. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
Sockel HG, Hallwig D, Schachtner R (1980) Investigations of slow exchange processes at metal and oxide surfaces and interfaces using secondary ion mass spectrometry. Mater Sci Eng 42:59–64
Stocker RL, Smyht DM (1978) Effect of enstatite activity and oxygen partial pressure on the point defect chemistry of olivine. Phys Earth Planet Int 16:145–156
Takei H, Kobayashi T (1974) Growth and properties of Mg2SiO4 single crystals. J Crystallogr Growth 23:121–124
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mackwell, S.J., Kohlstedt, D.L. High-temperature deformation of forsterite single crystals doped with vanadium. Phys Chem Minerals 13, 351–356 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00308354
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00308354