Abstract
Ovarian lymphatics of flying-foxes were traced to determine if they could transport hormones directly from ovary to ipsilateral uterine horn, thereby stimulating the localised endometrial growth which is characteristic of these animals. Intra-ovarian injections of ink and serial histological sections did not reveal any such connection. All major ovarian lymphatics and those from the cranial tip of each uterine horn drain cranially, terminating in 1 or 2 lymph nodes lying caudal to the ipsilateral kidney. For much of their course, the major ovarian lymphatics run in the adventitia of the ovarian venous sinus. This sinus encloses the coiled ovarian artery, which provides the major blood supply to the cranial end of the ipsilateral uterine horn. Some fine ovarian lymphatics run in the adventitia of the coiled ovarian artery. The enclosure of the coiled ovarian artery by the ovarian venous drainage is thought to provide the main route for transfer of steroids from ovarian vein to ovarian artery and thence to ipsilateral uterine horn. The ovarian lymphatics described here do not bypass the vascular pathway but provide an additional route for counter-or cross-current transfer of ovarian steroids to the ovarian arterial supply to the uterus.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Cliff WJ, Nicoll PA (1970) Structure and function of lymphatic vessels of the bat's wing. Quart J Exp Physiol 55:112–121
Dharmarajan AM, Bruce NW, McArdle HJ (1986) Comparison of flow rates and composition of ovarian lymph and blood in the day-16 pregnant rat. J Reprod Fertil 77:169–176
Doboszynska T, Zezula-Szpyra A, Gawronska B (1990) Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies on blood and lymphatic vessels of paraovarian plexus corrosion casts in pig and ewe. Proc Soc Stud Fertil Abstr 77:44
Dumont AE, Rifkind KM (1968) Evolutionary significance of the thoracic duct. Nature 219:1182–1183
Heap RB, Fleet IR, Hamon B (1985) Prostaglandin F-2α is transferred from the uterus to the ovary in the sheep by lymphatic and blood vascular pathways. J Reprod Fertil 74:645–656
Lindner HR, Sass MB, Morris B (1964) Steroids in the ovarian lymph and blood of conscious ewes. J Endocrinol 30:361–376
Marshall AJ (1948) The breeding cycle of an equatorial bat (Pteropus giganteus of Ceylon). Proc Linn Soc Lond 159:103–111
Marshall AJ (1949) Pre-gestational changes in the giant fruit bat (Pteropus giganteus) with special reference to an asymmetric endometrial reaction. Proc Linn Soc Lond 161:26–36
Marshall AJ (1953) The unilateral endometrial reaction in the giant fruit bat (Pteropus giganteus Brunnich). J Endocrinol 9:42–44
Martin L, Towers PA, McGuckin MA, Little L, Luckoff H, Black-shaw AW (1987) Reproductive biology of flying foxes (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae). Austr Mammal 10:115–118
Meckley PE, Ginther OJ (1969) Lymphatic drainage of uterus and ovaries in the ewe. J Anim Sci 29:195
Morris B, Sass MB (1966) The formation of lymph in the ovary. Proc Roy Soc Lond [Biol] 164:577–591
Pow CST, Martin L (1994) The ovarian-uterine vasculature in relation to unilateral endometrial growth in flying-foxes (genus Pteropus, suborder Megachiroptera, order Chiroptera). J Reprod Fertil 101:247–255
Rasweiler JJ IV (1978) Unilateral oviductal and uterine reactions in the little bulldog bat, Noctilio albiventris. Biol Reprod 19:467–492
Staples LD, Fleet IR, Heap RB (1982) Anatomy of the utero-ovarian lymphatic network and the composition of afferent lymph in relation to the establishment of pregnancy in the sheep and goat. J Reprod Fertil 64:409–420
Towers PA, Martin L (1985) Some aspects of female reproduction in the grey-headed flying-fox, Pteropus poliocephalus (Megachiroptera: Pteropodidae). Austr Mammal 8:257–263
Webb RL, Nicoll PA (1944) Behavior of lymphatic vessels in the living rat (sic). Anat Rec 88:351–367
Wimsatt WA (1979) Reproductive asymmetry and unilateral pregnancy in Chiroptera. J Reprod Fertil 56:345–357
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Pow, C.S.T., Martin, L. Ovarian and uterine lymphatic drainage in Australian flying-foxes (genus Pteropus, suborder Megachiroptera). Cell Tissue Res 280, 371–381 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00307810
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00307810