Abstract
Mössbauer spectra of glauconite and nontronite recorded at temperatures down to 1.3K and in applied fields up to 4.5 T show that Fe III spin configurations are respectively ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic. It is shown that in a particular material depending on the distribution and concentration of Fe III in the silicate sheet either mode might occur. A new model of competing nearest-neighbour (J 1) and next-nearest-neighbour (J 2) magnetic exchange interactions in the triangular lattice is introduced to account for the results. From available magnetic susceptibilities we estimate ∣J 1∣∼6∣J 2∣. The results lead to the conclusion that the Fe III cations are highly ordered in glauconite and occupy cis sites so as to maximize their mutual separations.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ballet O, Coey JMD (1982) Magnetic properties of sheet silicates; 2:1 layer minerals. Phys Chem Minerals 8:218–229
Ballet O, Coey JMD, Mangin P, Townsend MG (1985) Ferrous talc a planar antiferromagnet. Solid State Commun 55:787–790
Beausoleil N, Lavallée P, Yelon A, Ballet O, Coey JMD (1983) Magnetic properties of biotite micas. J Appl Phys 54:906–915
Besson G, Bookin AS, Doinyak LG, Rautureau M, Tsipursky SI, Tchoubar C, Drits VA (1983) Use of diffraction and Mössbauer methods for the structural and crystallochemical characterisation of nontronites. J App Crystallogr 16:374–383
Bonnin D (1981) Propriétés magnétiques liées oux désordres bidomensionnels dans un silicate lamellaire ferrique: la nontronite. PhD Thèse D'État Université de Paris VI France
Bonnin D, Calas G, Suquet H, Pezerut H (1985) Sites occupancy of Fe3+ in Garfield nontronite: a spectroscopic study. Phys Chem Minerals 12:55–64
Coey JMD, Ballet O, Moukarika A, Soubeyroux JL (1981) Magnetic properties of sheet silicates; 1:1 layer minerals. Phys Chem Minerals 7:141–148
Coey JMD, Chukrov FV, Zvyagin BB (1984a) Cation distribution, Mössbauer spectra and magnetic properties of ferripyrophyllite. Clays Clay Miner 32.3:198–204
Coey JMD, Allan J, Xuemin K, van Dang N (1984b) Magnetic and electrical properties of ilvaite. J Appl Phys 55:1963–1965
De Gennes PG (1960) Effects of double exchange in magnetic crystals. Phys Rev 118:141–154
Gangas HJ, van Wonterghem J, Morup S, Koch CJW (1985) Magnetic bridging in nontronite by intercalated iron. J Phys C: Solid State Phys 18:L1011-L1015
Goodman BA (1978) Mössbauer spectra of nontronites: An alternative assignment. Clays Clay Miner 26:176–177
Goodman BA, Russell JD, Fraser AR, Woodhams FWD (1976) Mössbauer and I.R. study of nontronite. Clays Clay Miner 24:53–59
Hesse J, Rubartsch A (1974) Model independent evaluation of overlapped Mössbauer spectra. J Phys E 7:526–532
Le Caer G, Dubois J (1979) Evaluation of hyperfine parameter distributions from overlapped Mössbauer spectra of amorphous alloys. J Phys E 12:1083–1088
Lines ME, Eibschütz M (1984) Theory of hyperfine and exchange field distributions in amorphous speromagnets with application to amorphous yttrium iron garnet. Phys Rev 30:1416–1423
Longworth G, Townsend MG, Ross CAM (1986) Mössbauer spectra of several sheet silicates in external magnetic field. Hyperfine interactions 28:451–454
Longworth G, Townsend MG, Provencher R, Kodama H (1987) Magnetic interaction in biotities and oxidised biotites. Phys Chem Minerals 15:71–77
McConchie D, Ward JB, McCann VH, Lemis DW (1979) Mössbauer investigation of glauconite and its geological significance. Clays Clay Miner 27:339–348
Mermin ND, Wagner H (1966) Absence of ferromagnetism or antiferromagnetism in one or two dimensional Heisenberg models. Phys Rev Lett 17:1133
Morgan DJ (1974) Calcium — montmorillonite and related mixedlayer illite/montmorillonite clays from the UK: the interdependence of physical properties with mineralogy, chemistry and mode of occurrence. PhD Thesis, University of London
Rastelli E, Tassi A, Reatto L (1980) Non-colinear magnetic order and spin wave spectrum in presence of competing exchange interactions. J Mag and Mag Mater 15:357–358
Ross CAM, Longworth G (1980) Mössbauer study of irrigated greensand lysimeter. Clays Clay Miner 28:43–49
Samuelsen EJ, Shirane G (1970) Inelastic neutron scattering investigation of spin waves and magnetic interactions in α-Fe2O3. Phys Status Solidi 42:241–256
Townsend MG, Longworth G, Roudaut E (1985) Field induced ferromagnetism in minnesotaite. Phys Chem Minerals 12:9–12
Townsend MG, Longworth G, Roudaut E (1986) Triangular spin kagome plane in jarosites. Phys Rev B33:4919–4926
Zener C (1959) D-Band and mixed-valency semiconductors. J Phys Chem Solids 8:26–28
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Townsend, M.G., Longworth, G., Ross, C.A.M. et al. Ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic Fe III spin configurations in sheet silicates. Phys Chem Minerals 15, 64–70 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00307610
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00307610