Abstract
The study was performed in mountain streams in Central Sweden where a dramatic decrease in fish populations has been observed during the latest years. The spring runoff caused acid surges of pH 4.4 to 5.5 and high concentrations of Fe, Mn and Al occured in the stream waters. Water samples were collected during fish cage experiments performed during spring flood of 1985. The metal fractions were separated with filtration, in-situ dialysis and ion-exchange technique and determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy. The elements analyzed included Fe, Mn, Al, Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd. During spring flood, when a 100 % fish mortality was observed, particulate forms of Fe, Al and Mn dominated and were probably responsible for the toxic action. The high leaching of Fe, Mn and Al at spring flood during the recent years is a new phenomenon and seems to be caused by the increased acid deposition to the area.
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Borg, H. Metal speciation in acidified mountain streams in Central Sweden. Water Air Soil Pollut 30, 1007–1014 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00303364
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00303364