References
Turner CH, Dunipace AJ (1993) In On fluoride and bone strength (letter to the editor). Calcif Tissue Int 53:289–290
Einhorn TA, Wakley GK, Linkhart SG, Maloney S, Faierman E, Baylink DJ (1992) Incorporation of sodium fluoride into bone does not impair the mechanical properties of the appendicular skeleton in rats. Calcif Tissue Int 51:127–131
Turner CH, Akhter MP, Heaney P (1992) The effects of fluoridated water on bone strength. J Orthop Res 10:581–587
Farley SM, Wergedal JE, Farley JR, Javier GN, Schulz EE, Talbot JR, Libanati CR, Lindegren L, Bock M, Goette MM, Mohan SS, Kimball-Johnson P, Perkel VS, Cruise RJ, Baylink DJ (1992) Spinal fractures during fluoride therapy for osteoporosis: relationship to spinal bone density. Osteoporosis Int 2:213–218
Riggs BL, Hodgson SF, O'Fallon WM, Chao EYS, Wahner HW, Muhs JM, Cedel SL, Melton LJ III (1990) Effect of fluoride treatment on the fracture rate in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. N Engl J Med 322(12):802–809
Dure-Smith BA, Farley SM, Linkhart SG, Baylink DJ (1993) Fluoride-treated patients become calcium deficient despite calcium supplements: correction with 1,25 vitamin D3. In: Christiansen C, Riis B (eds), Proc 4th Int Symp on Osteoporosis and Consensus Development Conference. Handelstry Kkeriet Aalborg, ApS, Aalborg, Denmark, p 146
Pak CYC, Sakhaee K, Piziak V, Peterson RD, Breslau NA, Boyd P, Poindexter JR, Herzog J, Heard-Sakhaee A, Haynes S, Adams-Huet B, Reisch JS (1994) Slow-release sodium fluoride in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Ann Internal Med 120(8):625–632
Mercer J, Arlen H (1994) “Here Come the Waves” as sung by Bing Crosby
References
Einhorn TA, Wakley GK, Linkhart S, Rush EB, Maloney S, Faierman E, Baylink DJ (1992) Incorporation of sodium fluoride into cortical bone does not impair the mechanical properties of the appendicular skeleton in rats. Calcif Tissue Int 51:127–131
Turner CH, Dunipace AJ (1993) On fluoride and bone strength (letter). Calcif Tissue Int 53:289–290
Turner CH, Burr DB (1993) Basic biomechanical measurements of bone: a tutorial. Bone 14:595–608
Turner CH, Akhter MP, Heaney RP (1992) The effects of fluoridated water on bone strength. J Orthop Res 10:581–587
Saville PD (1967) Water fluoridation: effect on bone fragility and skeletal calcium content in the rat. J Nutrition 91:353–357
Henrikson P, Lutwak L, Krook L, Skogerboe R, Kallfelz F, Bélanger LF, Marier JR, Sheffy BE, Romanus B, Hirsch C (1970) Fluoride and nutritional osteoporosis: physicochemical data on bones from an experimental study in dogs. J Nutrition 100:631–642
Romanus B (1974) Physical properties and chemical content of canine femoral cortical bone in nutritional osteopenia: its reversibility. Acta Orthop Scand (suppl) 155:1–101
Sharma RP, Blotter PT, Shupe JL (1977). Fluoride accumulation in bone and the effect on their physical properties in guinea pigs given different levels of fluoridated water. Clin Toxicol 11:329–339
Rich C, Feist E (1970) The action of fluoride on bone. In: Vischer TL (ed), Fluoride in Medicine. Hansltuker, Bern, pp 70–87
Beary DF (1969) The effects of fluoride and low calcium on the physical properties of the rat femur. Anat Rec 164:305–316
Faccini JM (1969) Fluoride and bone. Calcif Tissue Res 3:1–16
Wolinsky I, Simkin A, Guggenheim K (1972) Effects of fluoride on metabolism and mechanical properties of rat bone. Am J Physiol 223:46–50
Naylor MN, Wilson RF (1976) The effect of fluoridated drinking water on the physical properties of the rat femur (abstract). J Physiol (Lond) 189:55
Turner CH, Dunipace AJ, Wilson M, Sun TC (1993) Fluoride intake severely reduces bone strength in older rats. J Bone Miner Res 8 (suppl 1):S238
Riggins RS, Zeman F, Moon D (1974) The effects of sodium fluoride on bone breaking strength. Calcif Tissue Res 14:283–289
Pak CYC, Sakhaee K, Piziak V, Peterson RD, Breslau NA, Boyd P, Poindexter JR, Herzog J, Heard-Sakhaee A, Haynes S, Adams-Huet B, Reisch JS (1994) Slow-release sodium fluoride in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Ann Intern Med 120:625–632
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Baylink, D.J., Wergedal, J.E., Farley, J.R. et al. On fluoride and bone strength. Calcif Tissue Int 56, 415–418 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00301613
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00301613