Abstract
The research project ARINUS is the study of the effects of restabilization measures (fertilization with rapidly soluble Mg salts) and atmospheric deposition on the element cycling of typical spruce ecosystems in the Black Forest. The objective is to quantify the natural and anthropogenic components of element cycling at these sites which will provide a better estimation of the effects induced by external perturbations, e.g. increasing atmospheric deposition, fertilization, or biomass export. Interrelations between the terrestrial and aquatic system are assessed using an integrated approach which combines flux measurements in representative plots with balances of small experimental watersheds. This paper describes the approach, treatments, field installations, methods, and site conditions of one of the two research areas. Furthermore, preliminary results from element inventories and watershed input-output budgets are discussed. According to the distribution of Mg in the ecosystem, the experimental area Schluchsee is a typical Mg deficient site. Magnesium losses result from leaching both from the canopy and the superficially rooted top soil. Since atmospheric deposition is low, ration export is primarily controlled by the ecosystem's internal production of acids. This excess mineralization in the soil is attributed to a change from the original mixed forest to the present spruce monoculture.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Baur, S., Feger, K.-H. and Brahmer, G.: 1988, Mitteilgn. Dtsch. Bodenkundl. Gesellsch. 57, 141.
Bonneau, M. and Landmann, G.: 1986, Dépérissement et état nutritionnel des peuplements de sapin pectine et d'épicéa commun dans le Massif Vosgien. Réunion de travail des 22–24 janvier, Centre de Recherches Forestières, I.N.R.A., Nancy, France.
Bosch, C., Pfannkuch, E., Rehfuess, K.E.: 1983, Foresw. Cbl 102, 167.
Brahmer, G.: 1990, PhD Thesis, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg (in prep.)
Brahmer, G. and Feger, K.-H.: 1989, DVWK-Mitteilungen 17, 205.
Brocksen, R.W., Zöttl, H.W., Porcella, D., Hüttl, R.F., Feger, K.-H. and Wisniewski, J.: 1988, Water, Air, and Soil Pollut. 41, 455.
Damann, W.: 1965, Die Wasserwirtschaft 55, 315.
Einsele, G., Agster, G., Bücking, W. and Evers, F.H.: 1986, “Zur Problematik der Trennung ‘externer’ und ‘interner’ Stoffflüsse sowie der Losüngsverwitterung im Schönbuch,” in Einsele, G. (ed):Das landschaftsökologische Forschungsprojekt SchönbuchDFG-Forschungsbericht, VCH Verlag Weinheim, pp. 357–368.
Enders,G.: 1978, “Topoklimatologie‘Alpenpark Königsee’ ” PhD Thesis, University of Munich.
Evers, F.H.: 1985, Mitt. Ver. Foresl. Standortskunde u. Forstpflanzenzüchtung 35, 31.
Feger, K.-H.: 1986, Freiburger Bodenkundl. Abh. 17, 253.
Feger, K.-H.: 1989, DVWK Mitteilungen 17, 185.
Feger, K.-H. and Brahmer, G.: 1987, “Biogeochemical and hydrological processes controlling water chemistry in the Black Forest (West Germany).” Proc. International Symposium on Acidification and Water Pathways, Bolkesjø, Norway, May 4 to 8, 1987, Vol. II, pp. 23–32.
Feger, K. -H., Brahmer,G. and Zöttl, H.W.: 1988, Wasser und Boden 40, 574.
Ferraz, J.: 1985, Freiburger Bodenkundl. Abh. 14, 224.
Führer, H. -W., Brechtel, H.-M, Ernstberger, H. and Erpenbeck, C.: 1988, DVWK-Mitteilungen 14, 142.
Grossmann, J., Freitag, G. and Merkel, B.: 1985, Z. WasserAbwasserforsch 18, 187.
Gudmundsson, T. and Stahr, K.: 1981, Catena 8, 49.
Haude, W.: 1955, Mitteilgn. d. Dtsch. Wetterdienstes 11.
Hüttl, R.F. and Fink, S.: 1988, Foresw. Cbl. 107, 173.
Kaupenjohann, M. and Zech: 1986, “Walddüngung und neuartige Waldschäden: Ergebnisse aus Düngungs- und Kalkungsversuchen,” in Glatzel, G. (ed): Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Sanierung immissionsgeschädigter Waldökosysteme, Vienna/Austria, pp. 82–98.
Khanna, P.K., Prenzel, J., Meiwes, K.J., Ulrich, B. and Matzner, E.: 1987, Soil Sc. Soc. Am. J. 51, 446.
Kreutzer, K.: 1979, Forstw. Cbl. 98, 298.
Kreutzer, K.: 1989, DVWK-Mitteilungen 17, 121.
Kurth, F., Feger, K.-H. and Fischer, M.: 1989, DVWK-Mitteilungen 17, 149.
Lamparski, F.: 1985, Freiburger Bodenkundl. Abh. 15, 205.
Lang, W.: 1970, “Ökologisch-hydrologische Untersuchungen in verschieden stark durchforsteten Fichten- und Lärchenbeständen des Schwarzwaldes”, PhD Thesis, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg i.Br.
Likens, G.E., Borman, F.H., Pierce, R.S., Eaton, J.S. and Johnson, N.N.: 1977, “Biogeochemistry of a forested ecosystem,” Springer, 146 p.
Lindberg, S.E. and Garten Jr., C.T.: 1988, Nature 336, 148.
Meyer, F.H.: 1985, AFZ 40, 208.
Mies, E.: 1987, Freiburger Bodenkundl. Abh. 18, 247.
Mohr, H.: 1986, Biologie in unserer Zeit 16, 83.
Münch, D.: 1989, Diplom Thesis (unpublished), Institute of Soil Science and Forest Nutrition, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg i.Br., 107.
Münch, D.; Feger, K.-H.; Zöttl, H.W.: 1990, AFJZ (in press).
Nihlgård, B.: 1985, Ambio 14, 2.
Probst, A., Fritz, B., Ambroise, B. and Viville, D.: 1987, IAHS-AISH Publ. 167, 109.
Raspe, S., Feger, K.-H. and Zöttl, H.W.: 1989, Angew. Botanik 63, 145.
Rehfuess, K.E.: 1987, Forestry 60, 1.
Reuss, J.O. and Johnson, D.W. : 1986, “Acid deposition and the acidification of soils and water” Ecological Studies 59, Springer, 119.
Roberts, T.M., Skeffington, R.A. and Blank, L.W.: 1989, Forestry 62, 179.
Skeffington, R.A. and Wilson, E.J.: 1988 Environmental Pollution 54, 159.
Sevruk, B.: 1975, “Inaccuracy of precipitation measurements — a serious problem” Proc. 2nd World Congress IWRA, New Dehli, Vol. III, pp. 429–440.
Simon, B., Feger, K.-H. and Zöttl, H.W.: 1989, DVWK-Mitteilungen 17, 157.
Swank, W.T. and Crossley, D.A. (eds): 1987, “Forest Hydrology and Ecology at Coweeta” Ecological Studies 66, Springer, 469.
Umweltbundesamt (ed): 1987/88, Monatsberichte aus dem Meßnetz, West-Berlin.
Zech, W. and Popp, E.: 1983, Forstw. Cbl. 102, 50.
Zöttl, H.W.: 1964, Cbl. ges. Forstwesen 81, 1.
Zöttl, H.W. : 1988, “Remarks on the effects of nitrogen deposition to forest ecosystems.” Proc. ESF Workshop “Changes in Nitrogen Status in European Forest Ecosystems,” Aberdeen.
Zöttl, H.W.: 1985, VDI-Berichte 560, 887.
Zöttl, H.W. and Hüttl, R.F.: 1986, Water, Air, and Soil Pollut. 31, 449.
Zöttl, H.W. and Mies, E.: 1983, Mitteilgn. Dtsch. Bodenkundl. Gesellsch. 38, 429.
Zöttl, H.W., Stahr, K. and Keilen, K.: 1977, AFJZ 148, 185.
Zöttl, H.W., Feger, K.-H. and Brahmer, G.: 1987, KfK/PEF-Berichte 12, 269.
Zöttl, H.W., Brahmer, G. and Feger, K.-H.: 1989, KfK/PEF-Berichte 50, 23.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Feger, K.H., Brahmer, G. & Zöttl, H.W. An integrated watershed/plot-scale study of element cycling in spruce ecosystems of the Black Forest. Water Air Soil Pollut 54, 545–560 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00298692
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00298692