Abstract
Two yr old beech saplings (Fagus sylvatica L.) were exposed under an early autumn climate to four levels of O3 (10, 40, 75, and 110 nL L O3) with or without preceding simulated acidic mist (pH 3.5). As a first response in gas exchange to O3, stomatal conductance was transiently increased followed by a decline in net photosynthesis. Thus, regarding exposure effects on stomatal behavior, both O3 and acidic mist increased the pollutant flux into the leaf interior. The subsequent impairment of cell permeability consisted of dose-dependent increases in efflux rates of dichlorofluorescein, indicating greater membrane permeabilities. While the efflux rates of Mg and Ca correlated with those of the fluorescent dye, the leachability of K was increased only at the highest O3 levels. Changes in compartmentation of K, Ca, Mg, and S was derived from selective cell wall extraction; thereafter, the exposure to O3 and acidic mist resulted in increased extracellular fractions of these elements.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Achermann, B.: 1988, Proc., Int. Symp. Verteilung und Wirkung von Photooxidantien im Alpenraum, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, April 11–15, (GSF-Bericht 17/88), pp. 277–294.
Chappelka, A.H., Chevone, B.I. and Seiler, J.R.: 1988, Environ. Pollut. 49, 1.
Darrall, N.M.: 1989, Plant Cell Environ. 12, 1.
Eschrich, W., Fromm, J. and Essiamah, S.: 1988, Trees 2, 73.
Evans, L.S., Curry, T.M. and Lewin, K.F.: 1981, New Phytol. 88, 403.
Flückiger, W., Braun, S., Leonardi, S., Förderer, L. and Bühler, U.: 1989, Schweiz. Z. Forswes. 140, 536.
Freer-Smith, P.H. and Dobson, M.C.: 1989, Environ. Pollut. 59, 161.
Heath, R.L. and Castillo, F.J.: 1988, in S. Schulte-Hostede, N.M. Darrall, L.W. Blank and A.R. Wellburn (eds), Air pollution and plant metabolism, Elsevier, London, pp. 55–75.
Jensen, K.F. and Roberts, B.R.: 1986, Environ. Pollut. 41, 235.
Kauss, H.: 1987, Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 38, 47.
Kazda, M., Glatzel, G. and Lindebner, L.: 1989, Allg. Forstz. 44, 764.
Keller, T. and Häsler, R.: 1987, Trees 1, 129.
Kerner, K., Bauer, U. and Langebartels, C.: 1988, Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler 369, 847.
Kley, D.: 1990, in Forschungsbeirat Waldschaden/Luftverunreinigungen (ed), 3. Bericht, Teil B, Band 1, pp. 1–59.
Krause, G.H.M.: 1988, in P. Mathy (ed), Air pollution and forest decline, Reidel, Dordrecht, pp. 168–216.
Leonardi, S. and Flückiger, W.: 1988, Forstw. Cbl. 107, 160.
Leonardi, S. and Flückiger, W.: 1989a, New Phytol. 111, 173.
Leonardi, S. and Flückiger, W.: 1989b, in J. B. Bucher and I. Bucher Wallin (eds), Air pollution and forest decline, EAFV, Birmensdorf, pp. 470–473.
Long, S.P. and Hallgren, J.-E.: 1985, in J. Coombs, D.O. Hall, S.P. Long and J.H.O. Scurlock (eds), Techniques in Bioproductivity and Photosynthesis, Pergamon, Oxford, pp. 62–94.
MacRobbie, E.A.C.: 1988, Botanica Acta 101, 140.
Mecklenburg, R.A. and Tukey, H.B., Jr.: 1964, Plant Physiol. 39, 533.
Mitterhuber, E., Pfanz, H. and Kaiser, W.M.: 1989, Plant Cell Environ. 12, 93.
Mudd, J.B., Banerjee, S.K., Dooley, M.M. and Knight, K.L.: 1984, in M.J. Koziol and F.R. Whatley (eds), Gaseous pollutants and plant metabolism, Butterworth, London, pp. 105–116.
Payer, H.-D., Blank, L.W., Bosch, C., Gnatz, G., Schmolke, W. and Schramel, P.: 1986, Water, Air, and Soil Pollut. 31, 485.
Pfirrmann, T.M., v.Unold, G., Rehm, G., Thiel, P., Ströbel, R. and Schmolke, W.: 1990, in T. Pfirrmann and H.-D. Payer (eds), Environmental research with plants in closed chambers, CEC, Brussels, in press.
Reich, P.B.: 1987, Tree Physiol. 3, 63.
Roelofs, J.G.M., Kemper, A.J., Houdijk, A.L.F.M. and Jansen, J.: 1985, Plant Soil 84, 45.
Schramel, P.: 1988, Spectrochimica Acta 43B, 881.
Skärby, L., Troeng, E. and Boström, C.-A.: 1987, Forest Science 33, 801.
STSC Inc.: 1987, Statgraphics user's guide, STSC Inc., U.S.A.-Rockville.
Taylor, G. and Dobson, M.C.: 1989, New Phytol. 113, 265.
Taylor, G.E., Hanson, P.J. and Baldocchi, D.D.: 1988, in W.W. Heck, O.C. Taylor and D.T. Tingey (eds), Assessment of crop loss from air pollutants, Elsevier, London, pp. 227–257.
Tukey, H.B., Jr.: 1970, Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 21, 305.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Leonardi, S., Langebartels, C. Fall exposure of beech saplings (Fagus sylvatica L.) to ozone and simulated acidic mist: Effects on gas exchange and leachability. Water Air Soil Pollut 54, 143–153 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00298661
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00298661