Skip to main content
Log in

Evidence against nutritional adaption of tolerance to lactose

  • Original Investigations
  • Published:
Humangenetik Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Controversy exists over the etiology of primary lactose intolerance with intestinal lactase deficiency. The low activity of lactase may be either due to a genetically controled reduction of enzyme activity or to an adaptive response to a lack of dietary lactose. Lactose tolerance tests in 24 subjects (9 persons who are offspring of marriages between Asians and Europeans, 6 lactose tolerant individuals from populations with a high incidence of lactose intolerance, and 9 lactose intolerant subjects with a history of prolonged milk consumption) are more easily interpreted by assuming genetic control of lactase activity as the main determinant of lactose tolerance. The findings in these 24 subjects contradict some of the commonly cited arguments supporting an adaptive origin of lactose intolerance.

Zusammenfassung

Die Ätiologie der primären Lactose-Intoleranz bei Lactase-Mangel in der Dünndarmschleimhaut ist ungeklärt. Die mangelnde Aktivität der intestinalen Lactase könnte durch eine genetisch gesteuerte Erniedrigung oder durch eine Anpassung an einen Mangel von Lactose in der Nahrung erklärt werden. Die Ergebnisse von Lactose-Toleranztests bei 24 Versuchspersonen (9 Kindern aus Ehen zwischen Asiaten und Europäern, 6 Personen mit Lactose-Toleranz aus Bevölkerungen mit einer großen Häufigkeit der Lactose-Intoleranz und 9 Probanden mit Lactose-Intoleranz, die lange Zeit größere Mengen von Kuhmilch genossen hatten) lassen sich leichter unter der Annahme einer genetischen Bedingtheit der Lactase-Aktivität als unter der Annahme der Adaptation interpretieren. Die Befunde bei diesen 24 Versuchspersonen widersprechen einigen der Argumente, die für eine adaptive Bedingtheit der Lactose-Intoleranz angeführt werden.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bayless, T. M., Rosensweig, N. S.: A racial difference in incidence of lactase deficiency. A survey of milk intolerance and lactase deficiency in healthy adult males. J. Amer. med. Ass. 197, 968 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bolin, T. D.: Reply to Gilat (1971). Gastroenterology 60, 347 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  • — Davis, A. E.: Asian lactose intolerance and its relation to intake of lactose. Nature (Lond.) 222, 382 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  • —: Lactose intolerance in Australia-born Chinese. Austr. Ann. Med. 19, 40 (1970a)

    Google Scholar 

  • —: Primary lactase deficiency: genetic or acquired? Amer. J. dig. Dis. 15, 679 (1970b).

    Google Scholar 

  • — Seah, C. S., Chua, K. L., Yong, V., Kho, K. M., Siak, C. L., Jacob, E.: Lactose intolerance in Singapore. Gastroenterology 59, 76 (1970c).

    Google Scholar 

  • — McKern, A., Davis, A. E.: The effect of diet on lactose activity in the rat. Gastroenterology 60, 432 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  • — Pirola, R. C., Davis, A. E.: Adaptation of intestinal lactase in the rat. Gastroenterology 57, 406 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  • Cain, G. D., Moore, P., Patterson, M., McElveen, M. A.: The stimulation of lactase by feeding lactose. Scand. J Gastroenterol. 4, 545 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  • Cook, G. C., Kajubi, S. K.: Tribal incidence of lactase deficiency in Uganda. Lancet 1966 I, 725.

  • Cuatrecasas, P., Lockwood, D. H., Caldwell, J.: Lactase deficiency in the adult, a common occurrence. Lancet 1965 I, 14.

  • Fine, A., Willoughby, E., McDonald, G. S. A., Weir, D. G., Gatenby, P. B.: A family with intolerance to lactose and cold milk. Irish. J. med. Sci. 1, 321 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  • Flatz, G., Saengudom, Ch.: Lactose tolerance in Asians: a family study. Nature (Lond.) 224, 915 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gilat, T.: Lactase — an adaptable enzyme? Gastroenterology 60, 346 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  • Girardet, P., Richterich, R., Antener, I.: Adaption de la lactase intestinale a l'administration de lactose chez le rat adulte. Helv. physiol pharmacol. Acta 22, 7 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gray, G. M., Walter, W. M., Colver, E. H.: Persistent deficiency of intestinal lactase in apparently cured tropical sprue. Gastroenterology 55, 552 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  • Grütte, F. K., Schulze, J., Gärtner, H.: Alimentär bedingte Adaptation der mukosalen β-Galactosidase-Aktivität bei der Ratte. VIII. Intern. Congr. Nutrition, Abstr. G—31. Prag 1969.

  • Gudmand-Höyer, E., Jarnum, S.: Lactose malabsorption in Greenland Eskimos. Acta med. scand. 186, 235 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  • — Dahlqvist, A., Jarnum, S.: Specific small-intestinal lactase deficiency in adults. Scand. J. Gastroent. 4, 377 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  • Keusch, G. T., Troncale, F. J., Miller, L. H., Promdath, V., Anderson, P. R.: Acquired lactose malabsorption in Thai children. Pediatrics 43, 540 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  • McCracken, R. D.: Adult lactose tolerance (editorial). J. Amer. med. Ass. 213, 2257 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosensweig, N. S.: Adult lactase deficiency: genetic control or adaptive response? Gastroenterology 60, 464 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  • Shatin, R.: Evolution and lactase deficiency. Gastroenterology 54, 992 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  • Simoons, F. J.: Primary adult lactose intolerance and the milking habit: a problem of biological and cultural interrelations. I. Review of the medical research. Amer. J. dig. Dis. 14, 819 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  • Welsh, J. D.: Isolated lactase deficiency in humans: report on 100 patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 49, 257 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  • — Zschiesche, O. M., Willits, V. L., Russel, L.: Studies of lactose intolerance in families. Arch. intern. Med. 122, 315 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

Supported by Stiftung Volkswagenwerk.

Supported by Landesamt für Forschung, Nordrhein-Westfalen.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Flatz, G., Rotthauwe, H.W. Evidence against nutritional adaption of tolerance to lactose. Humangenetik 13, 118–125 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00295793

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00295793

Keywords

Navigation