Summary
Several clones containing clusters of repetitive elements were isolated from a human chromosome 22 specific library. An EcoRI-XhoI fragment of 860bp was subcloned and was shown to belong to a family of tandemly repeated DNA linked to the Y-specific 3.4 kb HaeIII band. This probe hybridizes to several sets of sequences or subfamilies. The most abundant subfamily is a 1.8kb long sequence containing one EcoRV site, and in most repeats, one AvaII and one KpnI site. Using human-rodent somatic cell hybrid DNA, we have shown that this cluster is present on human chromosome 9 although presence on chromosome 15 is not excluded. Another subfamily, 6.1 kb long, appears to be exclusive of chromosome 16. By in situ hybridization with metaphasic chromosomes, these sets of repeats were mapped to the constitutive heterochromatin of a few chromosomes. Coexistence in one genome of long tandem repeats of distinct organization but similar length may represent the outcome of a continuous process of fixation of variant sequences. Homologous repeats are also abundant in four higher primate genomes (Orangutan, gorilla, chimpanzee, and man) but absent in other primates (African green monkey, rhesus monkey, baboon, and mouse lemur).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Arnheim N, Krystal M, Schmickel R, Wilson G, Ryder O, Zimmer E (1980) Molecular evidence for genetic exchanges among ribosommal genes on nonhomologous chromosomes in man and apes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 77:7323–7327
Beauchamp RS, Mitchell AR, Buckland RA, Bostock CJ (1979) Specific rearrangements of human satellite III DNA sequences in human chromosomes. Chromosoma 71:153–166
Bell GI, Selby MJ, Rutter WJ (1982) The highly polymorphic region near the human insulin gene is composed of simple tandemly repeating sequences. Nature 295:31–35
Benton WD, Davis RW (1977) Screening λgt recombinant clones by hybridization to single plaques in situ. Science 196:180–182
Brown SDM, Dover GA (1980) The specific organization of satellite DNA sequences on the X chromosome of Mus musculus: Partial independence of chromosome evolution. Nucleic Acids Res 8:781–792
Buckton KE, Gosden CM, Newton MS, Spowart G (1984) Lack of clinical effect of the loss or gain of the short arm of a human acrocentric (D or G group) chromosome. Cytogenet Cell Genet 37:431
Calabretta B, Robberson DL, Maizel AL, Saunders GF (1981) mRNA in human cells contains sequences complementary to the Alu family of repeated DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 78:6003–6007
Cooke HJ, Mc Kay RDG (1978) Evolution of a human Y chromosome-specific repeated sequence. Cell 13:453–460
Cooke HJ, Noel B (1979) Confirmation of Y/autosomal translocations using recombinant DNA. Hum Genet 509:39–44
Crampton JM, Davies KE, Knapp TF (1981) The occurrence of familics of repetitive sequences in a library of cloned cDNA from human lymphocytes. Nucleic Acids Res 9:3821–3834
Davidson RL, Gerald PS (1976) Improved techniques for the induction of mammalian cell hybridization by polyethylene glycol. Somatic Cell Genet 2:165–176
Davis RM (1981) Localization of male-determining factors in man: A thorough review of structural anomalies of the Y chromosome. J Med Genet 18:161–195
Dover G (1982) Molecular drive: A cohesive mode of species evolution. Nature 299:111–117
Frommer M, Prosser J, Tkachuk D, Reisner AH, Vincent PC (1982) Simple repeated sequences in human satellite DNA. Nucleic Acids Res 10:547–563
Gerhard DS, Kawasaki ES, Bancroft FC, Szabo P (1981) Localization of a unique gene by direct hybridization in situ. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 78:3755–3759
Gosden JR, Mitchell AR, Buckland RA, Clayton RP, Evans HJ (1975) The location of four human satellite DNAs on human chromosomes. Exp Cell Res 92:148–158
Krumlauf K, Jeanpierre M, Young BY (1982) Construction and characterization of genomic libraries from specific human chromosomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 79:2971–2975
Krystal M, D'Eustachio P, Ruddle FH, Arnheim N (1981) Human nucleolus organizers on nonhomologous chromosomes can share the same ribosomal gene variants. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 78:5743–5747
Littlefield JW (1964) Selection of hybrids from mating of fibroblasts in vitro and their presumed recombinants. Science 145:709–710
Messing J (1983) New M13 vectors for cloning. Methods Enzymol 101C:20–78
Miesfeld R, Krystal M, Arnheim N (1981) A member of a new repeated sequence family which is conserved throughout eucaryotic evolution is found between the human δ and β genes. Nucleic Acids Res 9:5931–5947
Myers JC, Ramirez F, Kacian DL, Flood M, Spiegelman S (1980) A simple purification of avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase for full-length transcription of 35S RNA. Anal Biochem 101:88–96
Nishioka Y, Leder P (1980) Organization and complete sequence of identical embryonic and plasmacytoma κ V-region genes. J Biol Chem 255:3691–3694
Orgel LE, Crick FHC (1980) Selfish DNA: The ultimate parasite. Nature 284:604–607
Podugolnikova OA, Sushanlo HM, Parfenova IV, Prokofieva-Belgovskaja AA (1979) The quantitative analysis of polymorphism on human chromosomes 1, 9, 16 and Y. Hum Genet 49:251–260
Pontecorvo G (1975) Production of mammalian somatic cell hybrids by means of polyethylene glycol treatment. Somatic Cell Genet 1:397–400
Prosser J, Reisner AH, Bradley ML, Ho K, Vincent PC (1981) Buoyant density and hybridization analysis of human DNA sequences, including three sttellite DNAs. Biochim Biophys Acta 656:93–102
Proudfoot NJ, Gill A, Maniatis T (1982) The structure of the human zeta-globin gene and a closely linked, nearly identical pseudogene. Cell 31:552–563
Sanders-Haigh L, Anderson F, Francke U (1980) The β globin gene is on the short arm of chromosome 11. Nature 283:683–686
Shafit-Zagardo B, Maio JJ, Brown FL (1982) KpnI families of long, interspersed repetitive DNAs in human and other primate genomes. Nucleic Acids Res 10:3175–3193
Shen CKJ, Maniatis T (1980) The organization of repetitive sequences in a cluster of rabbit-β-like globin genes. Cell 19:379–391
Smith GP (1976) Evolution of repeated DNA sequences by unequal crossover. Science 191:528–535
Smith A, Fraser IS, Elliot G (1979) An infantile male with balanced Y;19 translocation: Review of Y; autosome translocations. Ann Genet (Paris) 22:189–194
Southern EM (1975) Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis. J Mol Biol 98:503–517
Spritz RA (1981) Duplication/deletion polymorphism 5′ to the human β globin gene. Nucleic Acids Res 9:5037–5047
Sun L, Paulsen KE, Schmid CW, Kadyk L, Leihwand L (1984) Non Alu family interspersed repeats in human DNA and their transcriptional activity. Nucleic Acids Res 12:2669–2675
Wahl GM, Stern M, Stark GR (1979) Efficient transfer of large DNA fragments from agarose gels to diazobenzyloxymethyl-paper and rapid hybridization by using dextran-sulfate. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 76:3683–3687
Willard HF, Smith KD, Sutherland J (1983) Isolation and characterization of major tandem repeat family from the human X chromosome. Nucleic Acids Res 11:2017–2033
Witney FR, Furano AV (1983) The independent evolution of two closely related satellite DNA elements in rats. Nucleic Acids Res 11:291–304
Yang TP, Hansen SK, Oishi KK, Ryder OA, Hamkalo BA (1982) Characterization of a cloned repetitive DNA sequence concentrated on the human X chromosome. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 79:6593–6597
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jeanpierre, M., Weil, D., Gallano, P. et al. The organization of two related subfamilies of a human tandemly repeated DNA is chromosome specific. Hum Genet 70, 302–310 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00295365
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00295365