Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Molecular cloning, expression analysis, and chromosomal localization of mouse Hmg1-containing sequences

  • Original Contributions
  • Published:
Mammalian Genome Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We isolated clones encoding the mouse high-mobility-group (Hmg) chromatin protein, Hmg1, from a 7.5-day mouse embryo cDNA library. The translated amino acid sequence encodes a protein of 24,890 daltons and is identical to previously characterized mouse, rat, and hamster Hmg1. However, comparison of the two mouse Hmg1 cDNA sequences revealed nine sequence alterations. This observation, together with the finding of a complex pattern of hybridizing bands in genomic Southern analysis, suggests that mouse Hmg1 is encoded by a multigene family. The expression of Hmg1 was examined by Northern analysis of RNA isolated from the early mouse embryo and revealed a predominant 1.5-kb transcript in conjunction with low levels of a 2.5-kb transcript. Further analysis of mouse embryos by in situ hybridization showed that Hmg1 transcripts are expressed in high abundance during early mouse embryogenesis. As development progresses, Hmg1 transcript abundance is modulated in a spatially restricted and developmentally regulated manner. Chromosomal localization with recombinant inbred strains revealed that Hmg1-related sequences are widely dispersed in the mouse genome. Here we also report the mapping of six Hmg1 loci to mouse Chromosomes (Chrs) 10, 13, 16, and 17.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Alexandrova, E.A., Marekov, L.N., Beltchev, B.G. (1984). Involvement of protein HMG1 in DNA replication. FEBS Lett. 178, 153–156.

    Google Scholar 

  • Begum, N., Pash, J.M., Bhorjee, J.S. (1990). Expression and synthesis of high mobility group chromosomal proteins in different rat skeletal cell lines during myogenesis. J. Biol. Chem. 265, 11936–11941.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beyer, E.C., Paul, D.L., Goodenough, D.A. (1987). Connexin 43: a protein from rat heart homologous to a gap junction protein from liver. Cell Biol. 105, 2621–2629.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bianchi, M.E. (1988). Interaction of a protein from rat liver nuclei with cruciform DNA. EMBO J. 7, 843–849.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bianchi, M.E., Beltrame, M., Paonessa, G. (1989). Specific recognition of cruciform DNA by nuclear protein HMG1. Science 243, 1056–1059.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bianchi, M.E., Falciola, L., Ferrari, S., Lilley, D.M.J. (1992). The DNA binding site of HMG1 protein is composed of two similar segments (HMG boxes), both of which have counterpoints in other eukaryotic regulatory proteins. EMBO J. 3, 1055–1063.

    Google Scholar 

  • Birkenmeier, E.H., Schneider, U., Thurston, S.J. (1992). Fingerprinting genomes by use of PCR with primers that encode protein motifs or contain sequences that regulate gene expression. Mammalian Genome 3, 537–545.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bucan, M., Hermann, B.G., Frischauf, A.-M., Bautch, V.L., Bode, V., Silver, L.M., Martin, G.R., Lehrach, H. (1987). Deletion and duplication of DNA sequences is associated with the embryonic lethal phenotype of the t 9 complementation group of the mouse t complex. Genes Dev. 1, 376–385.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bucan, M., Gatalica, B., Nolan, P., Chang, A., Leroux, A., Grossman, M.H., Nadeau, J.H., Emanuel, M., Budarf, M. (1993). Comparative mapping of 9 human chromosome 22q loci in the laboratory mouse. Hum. Mol. Genet. 2, 1245–1252

    Google Scholar 

  • Bustin, M., Lehn, D.A., Landsman, D. (1990). Structural features of the HMG chromosomal proteins and their genes. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1049, 231–243.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bustin, M., Crippa, M.P., Pash, J.M. (1992). Expression of HMG chromosomal proteins during cell cycle and differentiation. Crit. Rev. Euk. Gene Exp. 2, 137–143.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carballo, M., Puigdomenech, P., Palau, J. (1983). DNA and histone H1 interact with different domains of HMG1 and 2 proteins. EMBO J. 2, 1759–1764.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cary, P.D., Turner, C.H., Mayes, E., Crane-Robinson, C. (1983). Conformation and domain structure of the non-histone chromosomal proteins, HMG 1 and 2. Isolation of two folded fragments from HMG 1 and 2. Eur. J. Biochem. 131, 367–374.

    Google Scholar 

  • Church, G.M., Gilbert, W. (1984). Genomic sequencing. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81, 1991–1995.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crippa, M.P., Nickol, J.M., Bustin, M. (1991). Developmental changes in the expression of high mobility group chromosomal proteins. J. Biol. Chem. 266, 2712–2714.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feinberg, A.P., Vogelstein, B. (1983). A technique for radiolbelling DNA restriction endonuclease fragments to high specific activity. Anal. Biochem. 132, 6–13.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferrari, S., Harley, V.R., Pontiggia, A., Goodfellow, P.N., Lovell-Badge, R., Bianchi, M.E. (1992). SRY, like HMG1, recognizes sharp angles in DNA. EMBO J. 11, 4497–4506.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frankel, W.N., Stoye, J.P., Taylor, B.A., Coffin, J.M. (1989). Genetic identification of endogenous polytropic proviruses by using recombinant inbred mice. J. Virol. 63, 3810–3821.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gordon, J.S., Rosenfeld, B.I., Kaufman, R., Williams, D.L. (1980). Evidence for quantitative tissue-specific distribution of the high mobility group chromosomal proteins. Biochemistry 19, 4395–4402.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hermann, B.G., Bucan, M., Mains, P.E., Frischauf, A.-M., Silver, L.M., Lehrach, H. (1986). Genetic analysis of the proximal portion of the mouse t complex: evidence for a second inversion within t haplotypes. Cell 44, 469–476.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jantzen, H.-M., Admon, A., Bell, S.P., Tjian, R. (1990). Nucleolar transcription factor hUBF contains a DNA-binding motif with homology to HMG proteins. Nature 344, 830–836.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, K.R., Cook, S.A., Bustin, M., Davisson, M.T. (1992). Genetic mapping of the murine gene and 14 related sequences encoding chromosomal protein HMG-14. Mammalian Genome 3, 625–632.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jose, M., Puigdomenech, P., Palau, J. (1987). Studies on the stability of the higher-order structure of rat liver chromatin containing high-mobility-group proteins. Eur. J. Biochem. 163, 347–352.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaplan, D.J., Duncan, C.H. (1988). Full length cDNA sequence for bovine high mobility group 1 (HMG1) protein. Nucleic Acids Res. 16, 10375.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, B.K., Eicher, E.M. (1990). Segregation patterns of endogenous mouse mammary tumor viruses in five recombinant inbred strain sets. J. Virol. 64, 4568–4572.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, K.L.D., Pentecost, B.T., D'Anna, J.A., Tobey, R.A., Gurley, L.R., Dixon, G.H. (1987). Characterization of cDNA sequences corresponding to three distinct HMG-1 mRNA species in the CHO Chinese hamster cells and cell cycle expression of the HMG-1 gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 15, 5051–5068.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lueders, K.K., Frankel, W.N., Mietz, J.A., Kuff, E.L. (1993). Genomic mapping of intracisternal A-particle proviral elements. Mammalian Genome 4, 69–77.

    Google Scholar 

  • Manly, K.F., Elliot, R.W. (1991). RI Manager, a microcomputer program for analysis of data from recombinant inbred strains. Mammalian Genome 1, 123–126.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mann, E.A., Silver L.M., Elliott, R.W. (1986). Genetic analysis of a mouse T complex locus that is homologous to a kidney cDNA clone. Genetics 114, 993–1006.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mosevitsky, M.I., Novitskaya, V.A., Iogannsen, M.G., Zabezhinsky, M.A. (1989). Tissue specificity of nucleo-cytoplasmic distribution of HMG1 and HMG2 proteins and their probable functions. Eur. J. Biochem. 185, 303–310.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ner, S.S. (1992). HMGs everywhere. Curr. Biol. 2, 208–210.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paonessa, G., Frank, R., Cortese, R. (1987). Nucleotide sequence of rat liver HMG1 cDNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 15, 9077.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pentecost, B.T., Wright, J.M., Dixon, G.H. (1985). Isolation and sequence of cDNA clones coding for a member of the family of high mobility group proteins (HMG-T) in trout and analysis of HMG-T-mRNA's in trout tissues. Nucleic Acids Res. 13, 4871–4887.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reeck, G.R., Isackson, P.J., Teller, D.C. (1982). Domain structure in high molecular weight high mobility group nonhistone chromatin proteins. Nature 300, 76–78.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ruangvoravat, C.P., Lo, C.W. (1992). Connexin 43 transcripts are localized to developmentally significant domains in the mouse embryo. Dev. Dynamics 194, 261–281.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E.F., Maniatis, T. (1989). Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Seyedin, S.M., Kistler, W.S. (1979). Levels of protein high mobility group 2 parallel the proliferative activity of testis, skeletal muscle, and other organs. J. Biol. Chem. 254, 11264–11271.

    Google Scholar 

  • Seyedin, S.M., Pehrson, J.R., Cole, R.D. (1981). Loss of chromosomal high mobility group proteins HMG1 and HMG2 when mouse neuroblastoma and Friend erythroleukemia cells become committed to differentiation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 78, 5988–5992.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sullivan, R., Ruangvoravat, C., Joo, D., Morgan, J., Wang, B.L., Wang, X.K., Lo, C.W. (1993). Structure, sequence and expression of the mouse Cx43 gene. Gene, in press.

  • Taylor, B.A. (1989). In Genetic Variants of the Laboratory Mouse, M.F. Lyon, A.G. Searle, eds. (Oxford: Oxford University Press), pp. 773–796.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tremethick, D.J., Molloy, P.L. (1988). Effects of high mobility group proteins 1 and 2 on initiation and elongation of specific transcription by RNA polymerase II in vitro. Nucleic Acids Res. 16, 11107–11123.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tsuda, K., Kikuchi, M., Mori, K., Waga, S., Yoshida, M. (1988). Primary structure of non-histone HMG1 revealed by the nucleotide sequence. Biochemistry 27, 6159–6163.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wagner, C.R., Hamana, K., Elgin, S.C.R., (1992). A high mobility group protein and its cDNAs from Drosophila melanogaster. Mol. Cell. Biol. 12, 1915–1923.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waterman, M.L., Fischer, W.H., Jones, K.A. (1991). A thymus-specific member of the HMG protein family regulates the human T-cell receptor Ca enhancer. Genes Dev. 5, 656–669

    Google Scholar 

  • Watt, F., Molloy, P.L. (1988). High mobility group proteins 1 and 2 stimulate binding of a specific transcription factor to the adenovirus major late promoter. Nucleic Acids Res. 16, 1471–1486.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wen, L., Huang, J.-K., Johnson, B.H., Reeck, G.R. (1989). A human placental cDNA clone that encodes nonhistone chromosomal protein HMG-1. Nucleic Acids Res. 17, 1197–1214.

    Google Scholar 

  • Woodward, S.R., Sudweeks, J., Teuscher, C. (1992). Random sequence oligonucleotide primers detect polymorphic DNA products which segregate in inbred strains of mice. Mammalian Genome 3, 73–78.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wustman, G., Szidonya, J., Taubert, H., Reuter, G. (1989). The genetics of position-effect variegation modifying loci in Drosophila melanogaster. Mol. Gen. Genet. 217, 520–527.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yotov, W.V., St. Arnaud, R. (1992). Nucleotide sequence of a mouse cDNA encoding the nonhistone chromosomal high mobility group protein-1 (HMG1). Nucleic Acids Res. 20, 3516.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, 19104, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

    C. M. Pauken & C. W. Lo

  2. Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, 19104, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

    D. L. Nagle & M. Bucan

Authors
  1. C. M. Pauken
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. D. L. Nagle
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. M. Bucan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. C. W. Lo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Pauken, C.M., Nagle, D.L., Bucan, M. et al. Molecular cloning, expression analysis, and chromosomal localization of mouse Hmg1-containing sequences. Mammalian Genome 5, 91–99 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00292334

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00292334

Keywords

Search

Navigation