Abstract
Studies of flow patterns and chemical processes in water runoff from small plots (natural ‘fields’ with an area of about 5 m2) have been carried out. Simulated rain containing radioactive tracers, i.e. T (as HTO), Ca (45Ca2+), S (35SO 2−4 ), and Br (80Br−) was distributed with an intensity of about 10 mm h−1. Calcium ions are strongly adsorbed by soil or taken up by vegetation in most cases; even on rocks covered only by sparse lichens the adsorption is considerable. The total Ca concentration in the runoff is nevertheless often higher than in the artificial precipitation. Sulphate ions follow T rather closely. However, the ratio of 35SO4 2− to T concentrations in the runoff may differ somewhat from the value in the precipitation. Ratios above one are found in the experiment on `barren' rock and during the first stage of the other experiments.
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Dahl, J.B., Qvenild, C., Tollan, O. et al. Methodology of studies on chemical processes in water runoff from rock and shallow soil cover using radioactive tracers. Water Air Soil Pollut 11, 179–190 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00286629
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00286629