Skip to main content
Log in

Study of a family with a fragile site of the X chromosome at Xq27–28 without mental retardation

  • Original Investigations
  • Published:
Human Genetics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

The fragile site Xq27–28 was observed in several individuals of a large family. It is expressed at a high frequency among the carrier females, even as adults, and in one clinically normal male. None of the members of this family is affected with the mental retardation normally linked to this fragile site. Cytogenetic and flanking DNA marker polymorphism studies suggest a possible dissociation between the fragile site and clinical expression of the disease.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Arinami T, Kondo I, Hamaguchi H, Tamura K, Hirano T (1987) Clinical case report. A fragile X female with Down syndrome. Hum Genet 77:92–94

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Arveiler B, Oberlé I, Vincent A, Hofker MH, Pearson PL, Mandel JL (1988) Genetic mapping of the Xq27–28 region: new RELP markers useful from diagnosis application in fragile X and hemophilia B families. Am J Hum Genet 42:380–389

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brown WT, Gross AC, Chan CB, Jenkins EC (1986) DNA linkage studies in the fragile X syndrome suggest genetic heterogeneity. Am J Med Genet 23:643–644

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brown WT, Jenkins EC, Gross AC, Chan CB, Krawczun MS, Duncan CJ, Sklower SL, Fisch GS (1987) Further evidence for genetic heterogeneity in the fragile X syndrome. Hum Genet 75:311–321

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Clayton JF, Gosden CM, Hastie ND, Evans HJ (1988) Linkage heterogeneity and fragile X. Hum Genet 78:338–342

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Drayna D, White R (1985) The genetic linkage map of the human X chromosome. Science 230:753–758

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dunn HG, Renpenning H, Gerrard JW, Miller JR, Tabata T, Federoff S (1963) Mental retardation as a sex-linked defect. Am J Ment Defic 67:827–848

    Google Scholar 

  • Froster-Iskenius U, Schwinger E, Weigert M, Fonatsch C (1982) Replication pattern in XXY cells with fra(X). Hum Genet 60: 278–280

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fryns JP, Kleczkowska A, Wolfs I, Van den Berghe H (1984) Klinefelter syndrome and two fragile X chromosomes. Clin Genet 26:445–447

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Giraud F, Aymé S, Mattei JF, Mattei MG (1976) Chromosomal constitutional breakage. Hum Genet 34:125–136

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heilig R, Oberlé I, Arveiler B, Hanauer A, Vidaud M, Mandel JL (1988) Improved DNA marker for efficient analysis of fragile X families. Am J Med Genet (in press)

  • Howard-Peebles PN, Stoddard GR (1979) X-linked mental retardation with macroorchidism and marker X chromosomes. Hum Genet 50:247–251

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jacobs PA, Glover TW, Mayer M, Fox P, Gerrard JW, Dunn HG, Herbst DS (1980) X-linked mental retardation: a study of 7 families. Am J Med Genet 7:471–490

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ledbetter SA, Ledbetter DH (1988) A common fragile site at Xq27: theoretical and practical implications. Am J Hum Genet 42:694–702

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Loesch DZ, Hay DA, Sutherland GR, Halliday J, Judge C, Webb GC (1987) Phenotypic variation in male-transmitted fragile X: genetic inferences. Am J Med Genet 27:401–417

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lubs HA (1969) A marker X chromosome. Am J Hum Genet 21:231

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mattei MG, Mattei JF, Vidal I, Giraud F (1981a) Expression in lymphocyte and fibroblast cultures of the fragile X chromosome: a new technical approach. Hum Genet 59:166–169

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mattei JF, Mattei MG, Aumeras C, Auger M, Giraud F (1981b) X-linked mental retardation with the fragile X; a study of 15 families. Hum Genet 59:281–289

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mattei MG, Baeteman MA, Heilig R, Oberlé I, Davies K, Mandel JL, Mattei JF (1985) Localization by in situ hybridization of the coagulation factor IX gene and of two polymorphic DNA probes with respect to the fragile X site. Hum Genet 69:327–331

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • N'Guyen C, Pontarotti P, Birnbaum D, Chimini G, Rey JA, Mattei JF, Jordan BR (1987) Large scale physical mapping in the q27 region of the human X chromosome: the coagulation factor IX gene and the mcf. 2 transforming sequence are separated by at most 270 kilobase pairs and are surrounded by several “HTF islands”. EMBO J 6:3285–3289

    Google Scholar 

  • Nielsen KB, Tomme Rup N, Dyggve H, Schou C (1981) Macroorchidism, mental retardation and the fragile X. N Engl J Med 305:1348

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Patterson M, Kenwrick S, Thibodeau S, Faulk K, Mattei MG, Mattei JF, Davies KE (1987) Mapping of DNA markers close to the fragile site on the human chromosome at Xq27.3. Nucleic Acids Res 15:2639–2651

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sherman SL, Morton NE, Jacobs PA, Turner G (1984) The marker (X) syndrome: a cytogenetic and genetic analysis. Ann Hum Genet 48:21–37

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sherman SL, Jacobs PA, Morton NE, Froster-Iskenius U, Howard-Peebles PN, Nielsen KB, Partington MW, Sutherland GR, Turner G, Watson M (1985) Further segregation analysis of the fragile X syndrome with special reference to transmitting males. Hum Genet 69:289–299

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Southern EM (1975) Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis. J Med Biol 98:503–517

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sutherland GR (1977) Marker X chromosomes and mental retardation. N Engl J Med 296:1415

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sutherland GR (1983) The fragile X chromosome. Int Rev Cytol 81:107–143

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sutherland GR, Ashford PLC (1979) X-linked mental retardation with macroorchidism and the fragile site at Xq27 or 28. Hum Genet 48:117–120

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Turner G, Eastman C, Casey J, McLeay A, Procopis P, Turner B (1975) X-linked mental retardation associated with macroorchidism. J Med Genet 12:367–371

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Turner G, Daniel A, Frost M (1980) X-linked mental retardation, macroorchidism and the Xq27 fragile site. J Pediatr 96:837–841

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Turner G, Opitz JM, Brown WT, Davies KE, Jacobs PA, Jenkins EC, Mikkelsen M, Partington MW, Sutherland GR (1986) Conference report. 2nd International Workshop on the Fragile X and an X-Linked Mental Retardation. Am J Med Genet 23:11–67

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Veenema H, Carpenter NF, Bakker E, Hofker MH, Millington Ward A, Pearson PL (1987) The fragile X syndrome in a large family. III. Investigations on linkage of flanking DNA markers with the fragile site Xq27. J Med Genet 24:413–421

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Voelckel MA, Mattei MG, N'Guyen C, Philip N, Birg F, Mattei JF (1988) Dissociation between mental retardation and fragile site expression in a family with fragile X-linked mental retardation. Hum Genet 80:375–378

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Voelckel, M.A., Philip, N., Piquet, C. et al. Study of a family with a fragile site of the X chromosome at Xq27–28 without mental retardation. Hum Genet 81, 353–357 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00283690

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00283690

Keywords

Navigation