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Heterozygote Funktionsstrukturen in den Riesenchromosomen von Acricotopus lucidus Puffs als Orte unilokaler Strukturmutationen

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Summary

  1. 1.

    The existence of single-band structural changes in natural populations of Acricotopus lucidus can easely be shown in heterozygous condition by analysis of giant chromosomes in the salivary gland. They are characterized by genetically controlled changes of thickness and stainability of single bands as an expression of quantitative differences in DNA content. In most cases these mutations are without influence on the puffing pattern of the salivary gland chromosomes, because the changed bands are neither engaged in puff production by themselves nor are they taking part in the production of puffs initiated by other bands.

  2. 2.

    In two cases a direct connection was demonstrated between a unilocal structural change and the activity of a puff. The loci concerned are II/O-17 and I/D-9, the function of which is cellspecific insofar, as they are only producing puffs in the main and lateral lobe, but not in the anterior lobe of the salivary gland.

  3. 3.

    Each of the two loci comprises a chromosome segment consisting of 4 bands which are all engaged in puff production in case of maximal function. For locus II/O-17 the origin of the puff could be traced back to a single band.

  4. 4.

    The mutation of gene-locus II/O-17 is manifested by a significant thickening of band O-21, and it was found in heterozygous condition only. The investigation of these heterozygous structural changes in the main and lateral lobe of the salivary gland gave the following results:

    As a consequence of the mutation a significant decrease of the frequency of manifestation (penetrance) of the puffs is brought forth. The activation of the mutated locus is suppressed in about 70% of the cells studied. In about 30% of the cells a heterozygous puff was found.

    In case of activation the degree of manifestation (expressivity) was highly variable. The reason for this variability which is expressed even within the same salivary gland, is the failure of activation of single bands of the locus, and in this case it is always the mutated band which stayes inactive.

  5. 5.

    The mode of production of unilocal structural changes is discussed in detail. It is concluded that the specifity of the changed pattern of activity of the mutated gene-loci is the consequence of differential heterochromatization.

  6. 6.

    The mutation of gene-locus I/D-9, expressed in form of a thickening of band D-22, is also connected with a reduction of the activity of this gene-locus.

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  1. Institut für Kulturpflanzenforschung Gatersleben der Deutschen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, Germany

    Reinhard Panitz

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Panitz, R. Heterozygote Funktionsstrukturen in den Riesenchromosomen von Acricotopus lucidus Puffs als Orte unilokaler Strukturmutationen. Chromosoma 17, 199–218 (1965). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00283598

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00283598

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