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Spezifische Giemsa-Färbung von heterochromatischen Chromosomensegmenten bei Vicia faba, Allium cepa und Paeonia tenuifolia

Differential Giemsa staining of heterochromatic regions in the chromosomes of Vicia faba, Allium cepa and Paeonia tenuifolia

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Summary

Hypotheses for the mechanism of differential Giemsa staining of euchromatin and heterochromatin are discussed. The banding-patterns of Vicia faba, Allium cepa and Paeonia tenuifolia are described. Heterochromatic chromosome segments have been identified in metaphase chromosomes to correspond with those to be found in interphase nuclei. The fact that the number of chromocenters is usually smaller than the number of Giemsa bands in the metaphase chromosomes is supposed to be due to fusion of heterochromatic sections during interphase. Within each species non-homologous chromosomes exhibit similar patterns. The significance of this phenomenon, which has been called “aequilocal heterochromacy” by Heitz, is so far unknown.

Zusammenfassung

Im theoretischen Teil werden die verschiedenen Hypothesen über den Mechanismus der unterschiedlichen Giemsa-Färbung von Eu- und Heterochromatin diskutiert. Im experimentellen Teil wird das Giemsa-Bandenmuster bei Vieia faba, Allium cepa und Paeonia tenuifolia beschrieben. Sowohl in den stark kondensierten Metaphase-Chromosomen als auch in den Interphase-Kernen können die heterochromatischen Chromosomensegmente auf Grund der stärkeren Giemsa-Färbung vom Euchromatin unterschieden werden. Die Zahl der Chromocentren ist jedoch in den meisten Fällen kleiner als die der Giemsa-Banden in den Metaphase-Chromosomen, was auf die Fusion heterochromatischer Chromosomenabschnitte in der Interphase hinweist.

Innerhalb einer Art zeigen auch nicht-homologe Chromosomen ein ähnliches Giemsa-Bandenmuster. Diese für eine Art charakteristische Verteilung von Eu- und Heterochromatin wurde von Heitz (1935) als “äquilokale Heterochromatie” bezeichnet. Die Bedeutung dieser Erscheinung ist weitgehend unbekannt.

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  1. Institut für Angewandte Genetik der Freien Universität Berlin, BRD

    B. Friebe

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Friebe, B. Spezifische Giemsa-Färbung von heterochromatischen Chromosomensegmenten bei Vicia faba, Allium cepa und Paeonia tenuifolia . Theoret. Appl. Genetics 47, 275–283 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00281932

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