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Contamination environnementale par les métaux et maladie de Parkinson

Environmental contamination by metals and Parkinson's disease

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Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) has been proposed to result from the interaction of aging and environment in susceptible individuals. The prevalence of PD in Quebec was 84 per 100 000 in 1985. The regional variation observed has been linked with several environmental factors. We intended to verify the existence of a relation between the development of PD with exposure to 3 metal pollutants: Fe, Mn, and Al. The choice of these metals rests on their potential presence in the environment caused by the industrial activity in the region studied, and on the fact that it theoretically favors the prevalence of the illness. Environmental exposure to these metals and the resulting risks were evaluated using red spruce as a bio-indicator. The metal concentrations in tree rings were determined by neutron activation analysis. These concentrations permitted a temporal estimation of contamination in each of the territories studied, from 1938 to 1987. The risk of environmental exposure was assumed to be proportional to the concentration of the metal. The calculated risks combined with the history of residence allowed a comparison between parkinsonians and controls. It appeared that environmental exposure to the metals was not significantly different between those two groups.

Résumé

La prévalence de la maladie de Parkinson au Québec était de 84/100000 en 1985. Des études ont démontré une fluctuation importante dans la distribution régionale et évoqué des liens à des facteurs environnementaux. Nous avons voulu vérifier l'existence de ces liens, plus spéifiquement avec 3 métaux: le fer, ;e manganèse et l'aluminium. L'estimation de l'exposition environnementale à ces trois métaux et le risque qui en découle, ont 'eté évalués grâce à l'épinette rouge utilisée comme bio-indicateur. Les concentrations de métaux dans les arbres ont permis d'estimer les risques temporles pour chaque ville du territoire étudié. Ces risques, combinés à l'historique de résidence, ont permis de comparer l'exposition des parkinsoniens à celle des non-parkinsoniens. Il en ressort que l'exposition environnementale de ces deux groupes n'est significativement différente.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Du Département de Médecine du travail et d'hygiène du milieu, Université de Naples, Naples, Italie

    J. Zayed & J. C. Panisset

  2. de la Faculté de léducation permanente, Université de Naples, Naples, Italie

    P. André

  3. du Département de médecine sociale et préventive de l'Université de Montreal, Université de Naples, Naples, Italie

    S. Ducic

  4. du Departement de neurobiologie de l'Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal, Université de Naples, Naples, Italie

    G. Campanella

  5. Departement de genie civil, Université de Naples de l'Institut de genie énergétique et du, Naples, Italie

    M. Roy

  6. de l'Ecole Polytechnique de l'Univesité de Montreal, Université de Naples, Naples, Italie

    G. Kennedy

  7. du Departement de neurologie, seconde Faculté de medecine, Université de Naples, Naples, Italie

    C. Delisle

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  1. J. Zayed
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  2. P. André
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  3. J. C. Panisset
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  4. S. Ducic
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  5. G. Campanella
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  6. M. Roy
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  7. G. Kennedy
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  8. C. Delisle
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Zayed, J., André, P., Panisset, J.C. et al. Contamination environnementale par les métaux et maladie de Parkinson. Water Air Soil Pollut 49, 197–203 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00279521

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00279521

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