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A new type of intramedullary nail for the internal fixation of subtrochanteric fractures of the femur

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Summary

The Author has developed a modified intramedullary nail for the stabilisation of fractures in the subtrochanteric and proximal one-third of the femur. Due to its three tapered fins the rod fits well into the funnel-like medullary cavity of the proximal femur preventing varus or rotational displacement of the proximal fragment. This method has been applied in 16 cases. Its particular advantages are the chance to perform the operation closed, a short operating time and period in hospital, early weight bearing and a simple surgical technique without the need for special instrumentation, requiring little radiographic exposure during surgery. The ideal and relative indications for the application of the technique are discussed. Biomechanical tests have confirmed that the finned medullary nail is the most stable method of fixation of the fractures when compared with other alternative devices.

Résumé

L'auteur a mis au point un clou centromédullaire modifié pour l'ostéosynthèse des fractures sous-trochantériennes et du tiers supérieur du fémur. Grâce à ses trois ailettes la tige s'ajuste bien à la cavité médullaire élargie de la partie supérieure du fémur, prévenant ainsi les déplacements en varus ou en rotation du fragment proximal. Cette méthode a été utilisée dans seize cas. Ses avantages tiennent à la possibilité de réaliser l'enclouage à foyer fermé, à la brièveté de l'intervention et de l'hospitalisation, à la possibilité d'une mise en charge précoce et à sa technique simple, ne nécessitant ni instrumentation particulière ni utilisation prolongée des rayons. L'auteur discute les indications idéales et relatives de cette technique.

Les épreuves bio-mécaniques ont confirmé que ce clou à ailettes constitute la méthode de fixation la plus stable de ce type de fractures, comparativement aux autres modes d'ostéosynthèse.

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Scherfel, T. A new type of intramedullary nail for the internal fixation of subtrochanteric fractures of the femur. International Orthopaedics 8, 255–261 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00266869

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