Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Evaluation of multidisciplinary treatment of bladder cancer, especially in chemoimmunotherapy (ADM and OK-432) as a consolidation therapy

  • Chemotherapy, Immunotherapy, Bladder Cancer
  • Published:
Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

The relapse rate of bladder cancer (transitional cell Ca) is said to be about 45%–80% even after tumor resection. Multidisciplinary treatment was designed and studied to prevent such recurrence. This treatment was designed to have three steps: induction, consolidation, and maintenance therapy. Following surgical tumor removal, OK-432 and Adriamycin (ADM) were administered as consolidation therapy, followed by administration of PSK and carboquone (CQ) in small amounts as maintenance therapy continuously for about 3 years, and the course was observed.

In both consolidation and maintenance groups various non-specific immunoparameters were superior in groups receiving combined immunotherapeutic agents. Thus, the use of immunotherapeutic agents in combination with chemotherapeutic agents was considered to be effective. The 3-year recurrence rate was only 8% in the multidisciplinary treatment group, while that in the non-multidisciplinary treatment group was 61%. This approach, especially with chemoimmunotherapy (ADM and OK-432) as a consolidation therapeutic mode, is therefore considered to be useful for the prevention of recurrence.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Carter SK, Wasserman TH (1975) The chemotherapy of urologic cancer. Cancer 36: 729–747

    Google Scholar 

  2. Cohen J (1969) Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Academic Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  3. Dekernion JB, Skinner DG (1978) Epidemiology, diagnosis, and staging of bladder cancer. In: Skinner DG (ed) Genitourinary cancer. Saunders, Philadelphia London Toronto, pp 213–231

    Google Scholar 

  4. Gehan EA, Freireich EJ (1974) Non-randomized controls in cancer clinical trials. N Engl J Med 290: 198–203

    Google Scholar 

  5. Hoshino T, Uchida A, et al (1976) Immunotherapy of cancer with immunostimulants. Jpn J Clin Immunol 8: 1105–1114

    Google Scholar 

  6. Karnofsky DA (1961) Meaningful clinical classification of therapeutic responses to anticancer drugs. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2: 709–712

    Google Scholar 

  7. Mathé G, et al (1969) Active immunotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Lancet I: 697

    Google Scholar 

  8. Morton DL, et al (1974) BCG immunotherapy of malignant melanoma. Summary of seven year's experience. Ann Surg 180: 635

    Google Scholar 

  9. Nakagami Y, et al (1978a) Adjuvant immunotherapy with antitumor Str. pyogenes preparation in urogenital carcinoma. J Nippon Med Sch 45: 284–286

    Google Scholar 

  10. Nakagami Y, et al (1978b) Adjuvant immunotherapy with antitumor Str. pyogenes preparation in urogenital carcinoma. (Abstract) XIIth International Congress of Cancer in Buenos Aires, Workshop #28 No. 2, 71

  11. Nakagami Y, et al (1979) Adjuvant immunotherapy with antitumor Str. pyogenes preparation (immunopotentiator OK-432) in urogenital carcinoma. Acta Urol Jap 25: 133–141

    Google Scholar 

  12. Niijima T (1978) Intravesical therapy with adriamycin and new trends in the diagnostics and therapy of superficial urinary bladder tumours. WHO center meeting records, pp 37–44

  13. Persky L, Krush ED, Soloway M (1978) Urotherlial tumors. In: Devine CJ Jr (ed) Urology in practice. Little, Brown, Boston, pp 653–690

    Google Scholar 

  14. Turner AG, Durrant KR, Malpas JS (1979) A trial of bleomycin versus adriamycin in advanced carcinoma of the bladder. Br J Urol 51: 121–124

    Google Scholar 

  15. Union Internationale Contre le Cancer (1978) TNM classification of malignant tumors. UICC, Geneve, pp 113–117

    Google Scholar 

  16. Wallace DM, Bloom HJG (1976) The management of deeply infiltrating (T3) bladder carcinoma: Controlled trial of radical radiotherapy versus preoperative radiotherapy and radical cystectomy (First report). Br J Urol 48: 587–594

    Google Scholar 

  17. Weinstein SH, Schmidt JD (1976) Doxorubicin chemotherapy in advanced transitional cell carcinoma. Urology 8: 336–341

    Google Scholar 

  18. Yagoda A, Watson RC, Whitmore WF, Grabstald H, Middleman MP, Krakoff IH (1977) Adriamycin in advanced urinary tract cancer. Cancer 39: 279–285

    Google Scholar 

  19. Yata J (1978) Cells involved in immune responses and their rules. Jpn J Dermatol [B] 88: 607–613

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, First Hospital of Nippon Medical School, 3-5-5, Iidabashi, Chiyoda-ku, 102, Tokyo, Japan

    Yoshizo Nakagami, Tatsuo Minowa, Kazuhiko Tozuka, Yasunori Hiraoka & Hansui Chin

Authors
  1. Yoshizo Nakagami
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Tatsuo Minowa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Kazuhiko Tozuka
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Yasunori Hiraoka
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Hansui Chin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Nakagami, Y., Minowa, T., Tozuka, K. et al. Evaluation of multidisciplinary treatment of bladder cancer, especially in chemoimmunotherapy (ADM and OK-432) as a consolidation therapy. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 11 (Suppl 1), S47–S50 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00256718

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00256718

Keywords

Search

Navigation