Summary
A structural model of the ductile-brittle transition of amorphous polymers has been proposed. According to this model the total free volume consists of two parts: the intermolecular free volume and the volume of spherical holes of diameter about 1 nm. Only the intermolecular free volume is considered to be responsible for the degree of ductility of a material.
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Bouda, V. Structure and ductility of glassy polymers. Polymer Bulletin 7, 639–644 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00256098
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00256098