Skip to main content
Log in

Influence of inferior olive on flexor reflex activity

  • Regular Papers
  • Published:
Experimental Brain Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

In Wistar rats we have studied the effect of inferior olive lesion or activation on the threshold of a flexor reflex elicited by a nociceptive stimulus applied to the hindpaw. When the inferior olive is lesioned by means of 3-acetylpyridine, the threshold value is significantly decreased. A recovery occurs in 3–4 weeks. When the inferior olive is activated by means of harmaline, the threshold value is significantly increased. These experiments suggest the inferior olive activity exerts an inhibitory effect on flexor reflex activity. The recovery of the threshold value depends, probably, on the plastic reorganization of the cerebellar circuits, which occurs after inferior olive lesion.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Balaban CD (1985) Central neurotoxic effects of intraperitoneally administered 3-acetylpyridine, harmaline and niacinamide in Sprague-Dawley and Long-Evans rats: a critical review of central 3-acetylpyridine neurotoxicity. Brain Res Rev 9: 21–42

    Google Scholar 

  • Bardin JM, Batini C, Billard JM, Buisseret-Delmas C, Conrath-Verrier M, Corvaja N (1983) Cerebellar output regulation by the climbing and mossy fibers with and without the inferior olive. J Comp Neurol 213: 464–472

    Google Scholar 

  • Belcher G, Ryall RW, Schaffner R (1978) The differential effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine, noradrenaline and raphé stimulation on nociceptive and non nociceptive dorsal horn interneurons in the cat. Brain Res 151: 307–321

    Google Scholar 

  • Benedetti F, Montarolo PG, Rabacchi S (1984) Inferior olive lesion induces long-lasting functional modifications in the Purkinje cells. Exp Brain Res 55: 368–371

    Google Scholar 

  • Benedetti F, Montarolo PG, Strata P, Tempia F (1983) Inferior olive inactivation decreases the excitability of the intracerebellar and lateral nuclei in the rat. J Physiol (Lond) 340: 195–208

    Google Scholar 

  • Besson JM, Guilbaud G, Abdelmoumene M, Chaouch A (1982) Physiologie de la nociception. J Physiol (Paris) 78: 7–107

    Google Scholar 

  • Brodal A (1981) Neurological anatomy in relation to clinical medicine. University Press, New York, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • Carpenter D, Engberg I, Lundberg A (1965) Differential supraspinal control of inhibitory and excitatory actions from the FRA to ascending spinal pathways. Acta Physiol Scand 63: 103–110

    Google Scholar 

  • Colin F, Manil J, Desclin JC (1980) The olivocerebellar system. I. Delayed and slow inhibitory effects: an overlooked salient feature of the cerebellar climbing fibers. Brain Res 187: 3–27

    Google Scholar 

  • Desclin JC, Escubi J (1974) Effects of 3-acetylpyridine on the central nervous system of the rat, as demonstrated by silver methods. Brain Res 77: 349–364

    Google Scholar 

  • Dow RS, Moruzzi G (1958) The physiology and the pathology of the cerebellum. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis

    Google Scholar 

  • Eccles JC, Ito M, Szentágothai J (1967) The cerebellum as a neuronal machine. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Engberg I, Lundberg A, Ryall RW (1968a) Reticulo-spinal inhibition of transmission in reflex pathways. J Physiol (London) 194: 201–223

    Google Scholar 

  • Engberg I, Lundberg A, Ryall RW (1968b) Is the tonic decerebrate inhibition of reflex paths mediated by monoaminergic pathways? Acta Physiol Scand 72: 123–133

    Google Scholar 

  • Holmquist B, Lundberg A (1961) Differential supraspinal control of synaptic actions evoked by volleys in the flexion reflex afferents in alpha motoneurones. Acta Physiol Scand 54: Suppl 186

  • Lamarre Y, Mercier LA (1971) Neurophysiological studies of harmaline induced tremor in the cat. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 49: 1049–1058

    Google Scholar 

  • Lamarre Y, Weiss M (1973) Harmaline-induced rhythmic activity of alpha and gamma motoneurones in the cat. Brain Res 63: 430–434

    Google Scholar 

  • Llinás R (1964) Mechanisms of supraspinal actions upon spinal cord activities. Differences between reticular and cerebellar inhibitory actions upon alpha extensor motoneurons. J Neurophysiol 27: 1117–1126

    Google Scholar 

  • Llinás R, Terzuolo CA (1964) Mechanisms of supraspinal actions upon spinal cord activities. Reticular inhibitory mechanisms on alpha-extensor motoneurons. J Neurophysiol 27: 579–591

    Google Scholar 

  • Llinás R, Volkind RA (1973) The olivo-cerebellar system: functional properties as revealed by harmaline-induced tremor. Exp Brain Res 18: 69–87

    Google Scholar 

  • Llinás R, Walton K, Hillman DE, Sotelo C (1975) Inferior olive: its role in motor learning. Science 190: 1230–1231

    Google Scholar 

  • Lopiano L, Savio T (1984) Long-term modifications in the Deiters nucleus following inferior olive lesion. Neurosci Lett Suppl 18: S78

    Google Scholar 

  • Lovick TA, West DC, Wolstencroft HH (1978) A presynaptic action of the raphé on the tooth pulp fibre terminals: is this mediated by an opioid peptide? In: Van Ree JM, Terenius L (eds) Characteristics and functions of opioides. Elsevier/North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp 175–177

    Google Scholar 

  • Lundberg A (1964) Supraspinal control of transmission in reflex paths to motoneurones and primary afferents. Prog Brain Res 12: 197–219

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Martin RF, Haber LH, Willis WD (1979) Primary afferent depolarization of identified cutaneous fibers following stimulation in medial brain stem. J Neurophysiol 42: 779–790

    Google Scholar 

  • Montarolo PG, Palestini M, Strata P (1982) The inhibitory effect of the olivocerebellar input on the cerebellar Purkinje cells in the rat. J Physiol (London) 332: 187–202

    Google Scholar 

  • Rabacchi S, Rocca P, Strata P (1984) Pain threshold and inferior olive activity. Neurosci Lett Suppl 18: S307

    Google Scholar 

  • Rossi GF, Zanchetti A (1957) The brain stem reticular formation. Anatomy and physiology. Arch Ital Biol 95: 199–435

    Google Scholar 

  • Savio T, Tempia F (1985) On the Purkinje cell activity increase induced by suppression of inferior olive activity. Exp Brain Res 57: 456–463

    Google Scholar 

  • Sprague JM, Chambers WW (1954) Control of posture by reticular formation and cerebellum in the intact, anesthetized and unanesthetized and in the decerebrate cat. Am J Physiol 176: 52–64

    Google Scholar 

  • Strata P (1984a) Recent aspects on the function of the inferior olive. In: Creutzfeldt O, Schmidt RF, Willis WD (eds) Sensory-motor integration in the nervous system. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo. Exp Brain Res Suppl 9: 184–198

  • Strata P (1984b) Inferior olive: functional aspect. In: Dichgans J, Bloedel J, Precht W (eds) Cerebellar functions. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, pp 278–279

    Google Scholar 

  • Swingle KF, Grant TJ, Kvam DC (1971) Quantal responses in the Randal-Selitto Assay. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 137: 536–538

    Google Scholar 

  • Terzuolo CA (1959) Cerebellar inhibitory and excitatory action upon spinal extensor motoneurons. Arch Ital Biol 97: 316–339

    Google Scholar 

  • Wolstencroft JH, West DC (1982) Functional characteristics of raphéspinal and other projections from nucleus raphé magnus. In: Sjölund B, Björklund A (eds) Brain stem control of spinal mechanism. Fernstrom Foundation Series N. 1. Elsevier Biomedical Press New York-Oxford

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Rabacchi, S., Rocca, P. & Strata, P. Influence of inferior olive on flexor reflex activity. Exp Brain Res 63, 191–196 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00235663

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00235663

Key words

Navigation