Skip to main content
Log in

Role of microtubules in the movement of the vegetative nucleus and generative cell in tobacco pollen tubes

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Sexual Plant Reproduction Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The germination and growth of pollen grains of Nicotiana tabacum and N. alata with the anti-microtubule drug oryzalin retarded significantly the movement of the vegetative nucleus (VN) and the generative cell (GC) from the grain to the tube apex but had no effect on pollen tube elongation. In N. tabacum, only 11% and 48% of the pollen tubes treated with oryzalin for 6 h and 12 h, respectively, had the VN and GC in the tube mainly in its middle part. In corresponding control materials, 79% and 99% of pollen tubes contained the VN and GC close to the apex. Indirect immunofluorescence microscopy and related studies of the tubes grown in the presence of oryzalin revealed complete absence of microtubules (MTs) but apparently intact microfilaments (MFs). These results suggested that the movement of VN and GC from the grain into the tube is possible when no MTs but only MFs are present, but the movement is then slow. In control tubes, the parallel orientation of MT bundles and extensions of VN were interpreted to represent the structural organization needed for the MT-dependent movement of VN.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Åström H (1992) Acetylated α-tubulin in the pollen tube microtubules. Cell Biol Int Rep 16:871–881

    Google Scholar 

  • Åström H, Virtanen I, Raudaskoski M (1991) Cold-stability in the pollen tube cytoskeleton. Protoplasma 160:99–107

    Google Scholar 

  • Cai G, Bartalesi A, Del Casino C, Moscatelli A, Tiezzi A, Cresti M (1993) The kinesin-immunoreactive homologue from Nicotiana tabacum pollen tubes: biochemical properties and subcellular localization. Planta 191:496–506

    Google Scholar 

  • Cresti M, Murgia M, Theunis CH (1990) Microtubule organization in sperm cells in the pollen tubes of Brassica oleracea L. Protoplasma 154:151–156

    Google Scholar 

  • Del Casino C, Li Y, Moscatelli A, Scali M, Tiezzi A, Cresti M (1993) Distribution of microtubules during the growth of tobacco pollen tubes. Biol Cell 79:125–132

    Google Scholar 

  • Franke WW, Herth W, VanDer Woude WJ, Morré DJ (1972) Tubular and filamentous structures in pollen tubes: possible involvement as guide elements in protoplasmic streaming and vectorial migration of secretory vesicles. Planta 105:317–341

    Google Scholar 

  • Heslop-Harrison J (1988) The pollen tube: motility and the cytoskeleton. In: Cresti M, Gori P, Pacini E (eds) Sexual reproduction in higher plants. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 195–203

    Google Scholar 

  • Heslop-Harrison J, Heslop-Harrison Y (1989a) Conformation and movement of the vegetative nucleus of the angiosperm pollen tube: association with the actin cytoskeleton. J Cell Sci 93:299–308

    Google Scholar 

  • Heslop-Harrison J, Heslop-Harrison Y (1989b) Myosin associated with the surfaces of organelles, vegetative nuclei and generative cells in angiosperm pollen grains and tubes. J Cell Sci 94:319–325

    Google Scholar 

  • Heslop-Harrison J, Heslop-Harrison Y (1992) Intracellular motility, the actin cytoskeleton and germinability in the pollen of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Sex Plant Reprod 5:247–255

    Google Scholar 

  • Heslop-Harrison J, Heslop-Harrison Y, Cresti M, Tiezzi A, Ciampolini F (1986) Actin during pollen germination. J Cell Sci 86:1–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Heslop-Harrison J, Heslop-Harrison Y, Cresti M, Tiezzi A, Moscatelli A (1988) Cytoskeletal elements, cell shaping and movement in the angiosperm pollen tube. J Cell Sci 91:49–60

    Google Scholar 

  • Kajstura J, Bereiter-Hahn J (1993) Disruption of microtubules induces formation of actin fibrils in density-inhibited 3T3 cells. Cell Biol Int 17:1023–1031

    Google Scholar 

  • Kohno T, Ishikawa R, Nagata T, Kohama K, Shimmen T (1992) Partial purification of myosin from lily pollen tubes by monitoring with in vitro motility assay. Protoplasma 170:77–85

    Google Scholar 

  • Lancelle SA, Hepler PK (1991) Association of actin with cortical microtubules revealed by immunogold localization in Nicotiana pollen tubes. Protoplasma 165:167–172

    Google Scholar 

  • Mascarenhas JP (1993) Molecular mechanisms of pollen tube growth and differentiation. Plant Cell 5:1303–1314

    Google Scholar 

  • Morejohn LC (1991) The molecular pharmacology of plant tubulin and microtubules. In: Lloyd CW (ed) The cytoskeletal basis of plant growth and form. Academic Press, New York, pp 29–43

    Google Scholar 

  • Morejohn LC, Bureau TE, Molè-Bajer J, Bajer AS, Fosket DE (1987) Oryzalin, a dinitroaniline herbicide, binds to plant tubulin and inhibits microtubule polymerization in vitro. Planta 172:252–264

    Google Scholar 

  • Moscatelli A, Tiezzi A, Vignani R, Cai G, Bartalesi A, Cresti M (1988) Presence of kinesin in tobacco pollen tube. In: Cresti M, Gori P, Pacini E (eds) Sexual reproduction in higher plants. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 205–209

    Google Scholar 

  • Ozawa T, Takeshita M, Negishi O, Imagawa H (1993) Pollen tube growth promoters from the style of Rhododendron mucronatum G. Don. Biosci Biotech Biochem 57:2122–2126

    Google Scholar 

  • Palevitz BA (1993) Relationship between the generative cell and vegetative nucleus in pollen tubes of Nicotiana tabacum. Sex Plant Reprod 6:1–10

    Google Scholar 

  • Palevitz BA, Tiezzi A (1992) Organization, composition, and function of the generative cell and sperm cytoskeleton. Int Rev Cytol 140:149–185

    Google Scholar 

  • Pierson ES, Cresti M (1992) Cytoskeleton and cytoplasmic organization of pollen and pollen tubes. Int Rev Cytol 140:73–125

    Google Scholar 

  • Pierson ES, Kengen HMP, Derksen J (1989) Microtubules and actin filaments co-localize in pollen tubes of Nicotiana tabacum L. and Lilium longiflorum Thunb. Protoplasma 150:75–77

    Google Scholar 

  • Polya GM, Micucci V, Rae AL, Harris PJ, Clarke AE (1986) Ca2+ -dependent protein phosphorylation in germinated pollen of Nicotiana alata, an ornamental tobacco. Physiol Plant 67:151–157

    Google Scholar 

  • Raudaskoski M, Åström H, Perttilä K, Virtanen I, Louhelainen J (1987) Role of the microtubule cytoskeleton in pollen tubes: an immunocytochemical and ultrastructural approach. Biol Cell 61:177–188

    Google Scholar 

  • Read SM, Clarke AE, Bacic A (1993) Requirements for division of the generative nucleus in cultured pollen tubes of Nicotiana. Protoplasma 174:101–115

    Google Scholar 

  • Shimmen T, Yoshida S (1993) Analysis of temperature dependence of cytoplasmic streaming using tonoplast-free cells of Characeae. Protoplasma 176:174–177

    Google Scholar 

  • Strachan SD, Hess FD (1983) The biochemical mechanism of action of the dinitroaniline herbicide oryzalin. Pestic Biochem Physiol 20:141–150

    Google Scholar 

  • Tang X, Hepler PK, Scordilis SP (1989) Immunochemical and immunocytochemical identification of a myosin heavy chain polypeptide in Nicotiana pollen tubes. J Cell Sci 92:569–574

    Google Scholar 

  • Tiezzi A (1991) The pollen tube cytoskeleton. Electron Microsc Rev 4:205–219

    Google Scholar 

  • Tiezzi A, Moscatelli A, Cai G, Bartalesi A, Cresti M (1992) An immunoreactive homolog of mammalian kinesin in Nicotiana tabacum pollen tubes. Cell Motil Cytoskel 21:132–137

    Google Scholar 

  • Traas JA, Doonan JH, Rawlins DJ, Shaw PJ, Watts J, Lloyd CW (1987) An actin network is present in the cytoplasm throughout the cell cycle of carrot cells and associates with the dividing nucleus. J Cell Biol 105:387–395

    Google Scholar 

  • Vale RD, Goldstein LSB (1990) One motor, many tails: an expanding repertoire of force-generating enzymes. Cell 60:883–885

    Google Scholar 

  • Yokota E, Shimmen T (1994) Isolation and characterization of plant myosin from pollen tubes of lily. Protoplasma 177:153–162

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Åström, H., Sorri, O. & Raudaskoski, M. Role of microtubules in the movement of the vegetative nucleus and generative cell in tobacco pollen tubes. Sexual Plant Reprod 8, 61–69 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00230890

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00230890

Key words

Navigation