Abstract
Bioassay of toxaphene residue from lake sediments with bluegills showed that its toxicity was reduced compared to the toxicity of the original formulation added to the lake for rough fish control approximately 10 months before. It is concluded from these observations that commercial toxaphene formulation is somewhat detoxified in the aquatic environment.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Hughes, R. A.: 1970, ‘Studies on the Persistence of Toxaphene in Treated Lakes’, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Wisconsin, Madison.
Hughes, R. A., Veith, G. D., and Lee, G. F.: 1970, Water Res. 4, 547.
Hughes, R. A. and Lee, G. F.: 1973, Environ. Sci. Technol. 7, 934.
Johnson, W. D., Lee, G. F., and Spyridakis, D.: 1966, J. Air and Water Poll. 10, 555.
Klein, A. K. and Link, J. D.: 1967, Anal. Chem. 50, 586.
Lee, G. F., Hughes, R. A., and Veith, G. D.: 1968, ‘Persistence of Toxaphene in Treated Lakes’, Progress Report to the Wisconsin Conservation Division. 18 pp. Mimeo. October 1967–March 1968.
Terriere, L. C., Kiigemagi, L. L., Gerlach, A. R., and Borovicka, R. L.: 1966, J. Agr. Food Chem. 14, 66.
Veith, G. D.: 1968, ‘The Role of Lake Sediments in the Water Chemistry of Toxaphene’, M.S. Thesis, University of Wisconsin, Madison.
Veith, G. D. and Lee, G. F.: 1971, Environ. Sci. Technol., 5, 230.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lee, G.F., Hughes, R.A. & Veith, G.D. Evidence for partial degradation of toxaphene in the aquatic environment. Water Air Soil Pollut 8, 479–484 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00228662
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00228662