Summary
The peptidergic neurosecretory cells (NSC) of the nucleus praeopticus (NP) of male and female sturgeons, A. güldenstädti Brandt, were studied light microscopically at different stages of their life cycle and under experimental conditions. Four main NSC types reflecting different phases of secretory cycle and life course of the cell have been tentatively distinguished.
The maximum percentage of the high and moderate active NSC are found in juvenile animals in the sea (stages I and I–II of gonadal maturity, sgm), in upstream migrating fish in spring before spawning, in down-stream migrating fish 1–1.5 months after spawning, and in experimental fish kept for 8.5 hours in a 32‰ sodium chloride solution. The least active NSC accumulating neurosecretory material (NSM) are characteristic of juvenile fish (sgm II) in the sea, sturgeons maintained in a sodium chloride solution for 3.5 or 6 hours and fish which remained in a net, thrown to the sea, for some hours before fixation. The lowest percentage of these cells is observed in autumn migrants, in females soon after spawning (sgm VI) and in fish kept for 8.5 hours in a sodium chloride solution. Cells rich in basophilic substance and poor in NSM occur in juvenile and in down-stream migrating fish. Cells reflecting the state of exhaustion after hyperactivity and “ageing” cells are seen in adults, especially in sgm VI fish, and in autumn migrants. Pyknomorphous NSC are constantly present in all fish; they are most numerous in sturgeons found in a net. A diagram demonstrating the life course and the secretory cycle of the NSC is presented and the role of the hypothalamo-hypophysial neurosecretory system (HHNS) under stress conditions is discussed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Acher, R., Chauvet, J., Chauvet, M.-Th.: Phylogeny of the neurohypophysial hormones. The active peptides of a primitive fish, the sturgeon (Acipenser sp.). Europ. J. Biochem. 10, 585–589 (1973)
Bargmann, W.: Das Zwischenhirn-Hypophysensystem. Berlin-Göttingen-Heidelberg: Springer 1954
Demko, P.S., Krasnovskaya, I.A.: The state of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal neurosecretory system of rabbits in anaphylactic shock. Bull. exp. Biol. Med. (Moscow) 80, 88–91 (1975)
Efimova, N.A.: Liquor-contacting neurosecretory cells in the preoptic nucleus of juvenile Acipenseridae. In: Evolutionary aspects of neuroendocrinology (A.L. Polenov and M.A. Belenky, eds.), p. 48. Leningrad 1976
Gabe, M.: Neurosecretion. Oxford-London-New York etc.: Pergamon Press 1966
Heller, H.S., Zaidi, S.M.A., Polenov, A.L., Garlov, P.E.: On oxytotic and antidiuretic activities and two types of neurosecretory substance in the neurohypophysis of female sturgeons Acipenser güldenstädti Brandt before and after spawning. (In Russian.) Proc. CHNIORKN Conference, pp. 40–42, Astrakhan 1972
Jakovleva, I.V., Efimova, N.A., Senchik, Yu.I: Characteristics of the ultrastructure of the neurosecretory cells of different degree of differentation from the preoptic nucleus of juvenile Acipenseridae. Ontogenes (Moscow) 5, 180–189 (1974)
Pavlović, M., Polenov, A.L.: Ecologo-histophysiological and experimental study of the neurosecretory cells of the preoptic nucleus of Russian sturgeon (Acipenser güldenstädti Brandt) III Symposium on “Current Ichthyological Investigations”. Kotor, pp. 40–41, 1970
Pavlović, M., Polenov, A.L.: The neurosecretory system of the sturgeon (Acipenser güldenstädti Brandt) under various conditions of stress. Acta vet. (Beogr.) 26, 123–132 (1976)
Polenov, A.L.: On physiological degeneration and restoration of the neurosecretory cells of the nucleus praeopticus in sazan the mirror carp. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 99, 625–628 (1954)
Polenov, A.L.: Hypothalamic neurosecretion. Leningrad: Publishing House “Nauka” 1968
Polenov, A.L.: On the life course and the secretory cycle of hypothalamic neurosecretory cells. Arch. anat., histol., embryol. (Leningrad) 67, 5–19 (1974)
Polenov, A.L.: Hypothalamic control of reproduction in fish. In: Hormonal regulation of the sexual cycle of fishes. Part I, ed. I.A. Barannikova, pp. 54–69. Moscow: Pyshchevaya Promyshlennost 1975
Polenov, A.L., Barannikova, I.A.: Preoptico-hypophysial neurosecretory system in Acipenseridae. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 123, 1117–1120 (1958)
Polenov, A.L., Chetverukhin, V.K., Jakovleva, I.V.: The role of the ependyma of the recessus praeopticus in formation and the physiological regeneration of the nucleus praeopticus in lower vertebrates. Z. mikr.-anat. Forsch. (Lpz.) 85, 513–532 (1972)
Polenov, A.L., Garlov, P.E.: The hypothalamo-hypophysial system in Acipenseridae. I. Ultrastructural organization of large neurosecretory terminals (Herring bodies) and axoventricular contacts. Z. Zellforsch. 116, 349–374 (1971)
Polenov, A.L., Garlov, P.E.: The hypothalamo-hypophysial system in Acipenseridae. III. The neurohypophysis of Acipenser güldenstädti Brand and Acipenser stellatus Pallas. Z. Zellforsch. 136, 461–477 (1973)
Polenov, A.L., Garlov, P.E.: The hypothalamo-hypophysial system in Acipenseridae. IV. The functional morphology of the neurohypophysis of Acipenser güldenstädti Brandt and Acipenser stellatus Pallas after exposure to different salinities. Cell Tiss. Res. 148, 259–275 (1974)
Polenov, A.L., Garlov, P.E., Koryakina, E.D., Faleeva, T.I.: The hypothalamo-hypophysial system in Acipenseridae. V. Ecological-histophysiological analysis of the neurohypophysis of the female sturgeon Acipenser güldenstädti Brandt during up-stream migration and after spawning. Cell Tiss. Res. 170, 113–128 (1976)
Polenov, A.L., Pavlović, M., Garlov, P.E.: Preoptic nucleus and neurohypophysis in sturgeons (Acipenser güldenstädti Brandt) at different stages of their life cycle and in experiments. Gen. comp. Endocr. 18, 617 (1972)
Polenov, A.L., Yurisova, M.N.: The hypothalamo-hypophysial system in the ground squirrels, Citellus erythrogenys Brandt and Citellus undulatus Pallas. I. Microanatomy and cytomorphology of the Gomori-positive neurosecretory system with special reference to its state during hibernation. Z. mikr.-anat. Forsch. (Lpz.), 89, 991–1014 (1975)
Popovichenko, N.V.: The role of the hypothalamic neurosecretory system in adaptive reactions of the organism. Kiev: “Naukova dumka” 1973
Scharrer, E., Scharrer, B.: Neurosecretion. In: Handbuch der mikroskopischen Anatomie des Menschen (Hrsg. W. Bargmann), Bd. 6, Teil 5, pp. 953–1066. Berlin-Göttingen-Heidelberg: Springer 1954
Senchik, Yu.I: Contribution to the origin of lipid droplets in the neurosecretory cells. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 205, 1465–1468 (1972)
Senchik, Yu.I, Pavlović, M., Polenov, A.L.: On lipid droplets in the neurosecretory cells of the preoptic nucleus of the sturgeon Acipenser güldenstädti Brandt. I All-Union Conference on Neuroendocrinology (A.L. Polenov, ed.), pp. 158–159. Leningrad 1974
Senchik, Yu.I, Polenov, A.L.: On lipid inclusions in the neurosecretory cells of the supraoptic nucleus of the white mouse subjected to a chronic salt load. Z. Zellforsch. 100, 118–125 (1969)
Stutinsky, F., Porter, A., Stoeckel, M.E., Klein, M.J.: Sur la signification des vacuoles intraneuronales du noyau supraoptique de la souris on surcharge osmotique. Z. Zellforsch. 75, 250–257 (1966)
Voitkevich, A.A.: Neurosecretion. Leningrad: Medicina 1967
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
The authors are grateful to Dr. V.Z. Trusov, M.Sc. (Biol.), for supplying a portion of the sea sturgeons and to P.E. Garlov, M.Sc. (Biol.), for his valuable help during the experiments
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Polenov, A.L., Pavlović, M. The hypothalamo-hypophysial system in acipenseridae. Cell Tissue Res. 186, 559–570 (1978). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00224944
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00224944