Abstract
Genomic DNA for the immunoglobulin (Ig) constant kappa Igk-C gene region was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and sequenced from twelve commonly used inbred mouse strains. PCR products were used directly as templates in dideoxy-DNA-sequencing, a method which avoids the sequencing errors caused by Taq polymerase, since no cloning step is required. In restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) studies the SJL mouse strain has been shown to belong to a Igk-C allogroup different from other common inbred mouse strains. The BALB/c Igk-C region was sequenced earlier, but our Igk-C sequences clarify the situation and confirm the existence of three Igk-C alleles in inbred mice (Mus musculus domesticus). Mice belonging to the kappa (Igk) haplotype e (SJL) have allele c of the Igk-C gene. The strains belonging to the kappa haplotype [a albino strain, K subline (AKR), PL and d (C58)] have allele a, and all other eight strains belonging to three different Igk haplotypes (b, c, and f) use allele b of the gene. Allele b has at least one (possibly two) nucleotide differences from allele a in the Igk-C region, but five compared to allele c. The allelic sequences also predict two allotypic kappa polypeptide chains among twelve inbred strains. Alleles a and b encode identical polypetides, but allele c (SJL) has a conserved lysine to arginine substitution in residue 142.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Altenburger, W., Neumaier, P. S., Steinmetz, M., and Zachau, H. G. DNA sequence of the constant gene region of the mouse immunoglobulin kappa chain. Nucleic Acids Res 9: 971–981, 1981
Berek, C. The D segment defines the T15 idiotype: the immmunoresponse of A/J mice to Pneumococcus pneumoniae. Eur J Immunol 14: 1043–1048, 1984
Boyd, R. T., Goldrick, M. M., and Gottlieb, P. D. Genetic polymorphism at the mouse immunoglobulin Jκ locus (Igk-J) as demonstrated by Southern hybridization and nucleotide sequence analysis. Immunogenetics 24: 150–157, 1986
D'Hoostelaere, L. A., Huppi, K., Mock, B., Mallett, C., and Potter, M. The Igκ L chain allelic groups among the Igk haplotypes and Igk crossover populations suggest a gene order. J Immunol 141: 652–661, 1988
Goldrick, M. M., Boyd, R. T., Ponath, P. D., Lou, S.-Y., and Gottlieb, P. D. Molecular genetic analysis of the VκSer group associated with two mouse light chain genetic markers. Complementary DNA cloning and Southern hybridization analysis. J Exp Med 162: 713–728, 1985
Gottlieb, P. D., Boyd, R. T., Ponath, P. D., and Goldrick, M. M. Restriction enzyme polymorphism in Vκ and Jκ genes of inbred and wild mice. Curr top Microbiol Immunol 127: 186–192, 1986
Gottlieb, P. D., Marshak-Rothstein, A., Auditore-Hargreaves, K., Berkoben, D. B., August, D. A., Rosche, R. M., and Benetto, J. D. Construction and properties of new Lyt-congenic strains and anti-Lyt-2.2 and anti-Lyt-3.1 monoclonal antibodies. Immunogenetics 10: 545–555, 1980
Gottlieb, P. D., Tsang, H. C.-W., Gibson, D. M., and Annon, E. Unique Vκ group associated with two mouse L chain genetic markers. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 78: 559–563, 1981
Gyllenstein U. B. and Erlich, H. A. Generation of single-stranded DNA by the polymerase chain reaction and its application to direct sequencing of the HLA-DQA locus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85: 7652–7656, 1988
Hamlyn, P. H., Gait, M. J., and Milstein, C. Complete sequence of an immunoglobulin mRNA using specific priming and the dideoxynucleotide method of RNA sequencing. Nucleic Acids Res 9: 4485–4494, 1981
Huppi, K., Jouvin-Marche, E., Scott, C., Potter, M., and Weigert, M. Genetic polymorphism at the κ chain locus in mice: comparisons of restriction enzyme hybridization fragments of variable and constant region genes. Immunogenetics 21: 445–457, 1985
Jouvin-Marche, E., Cuddihy, A., Butler, S., Hansen, J. N., Fitch, W. M., and Rudikoff, S. Modern evolution of a single-copy gene: the immunoglobulin Cκ locus in wild mice. Mol Biol Evol 5: 500–511, 1988
Kaartinen, M. and Mäkelä, O. Functional analogues of the VκOX1 gene in different strains of mice: Evolutionary conservation but diversity based on V-J joining. J Immunol 138: 1613–1617, 1987
Kaartinen, M., Pelkonen, E., Even, J., and Mäkelä, O. V genes of the primary antibody response of C57BL/10 mice to the hapten phenyloxazolone. Eur J Immunol 18: 1095–1100, 1988
Kaartinen, M., Pelkonen, J., and Mäkelä, O. Several V genes participate in the early phenyloxazolone response in various combinations. Eur J Immunol 16: 98–105, 1986
Kaartinen, M., Solin, M.-L., and Mäkelä, O. ‘Allelic’ forms of immunoglobulin V genes in different strains of mice. EMBO J 8: 1743–1748, 1989
Kaartinen, M., Solin, M.-L., and Mäkelä, O. V genes of oxazolone antibodies in 10 strains of mice. Eur J Immunol 21: 2863–2869, 1991
Kabat, E. A., Wu, T. T., Perry, H. M., Gottesman, K. S., and Foeller, C. Sequences of Proteins of Immnological Interest. US Department of Health and Human Services. National Institute of Health, Bethesda, 1991
Kofler, R., Duchoosal, M. A., and Dixon, F. J. Complexity, polymorphism, and connectivity of mouse Vκ gene families. Immunogenetics 29: 65–74, 1989
Ponath, P. D., Boyd, R. T., Hillis, D. M., and Gottlieb, P. D. Structural and evolutionary comparisons of four alleles of the mouse Igk-J locus which encodes immunoglobulin kappa light chain joining (Jκ) segment. Immunogenetics 29: 389–396, 1989a
Ponath, P. D., Hillis, D. M., and Gottlieb, P. D. Structural and evolutionary comparisons of four alleles of the mouse immunoglobulin kappa light chain gene, Igk-VSer. Immunogenetics 29: 249–257, 1989b
Primi, D., Barbier, E., and CAzenave, P.-A. Structural polymorphism of Vκ21E and Vκ21D gene products in laboratory mice. Eur J Immunol 16: 292–296, 1986
Sanger, F., Nicklen, S., and Coulson, A. R. DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 74: 5463–5467, 1977
Sanz, I. and Capra, D. J. Vκ and Jκ gene segments of A/J Ars-A antibodies: somatic recombination generates the essential arginine at the junction of the variable and joining regions. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84: 1085–1089, 1987
Sheppard, H. W. and Gutman, G. A. Allelic forms of rat κ chain genes: evidence for strong selection at the level of nucleotide sequence. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 78: 7064–7068, 1981
Solin, M.-L. and Kaartinen, M. Allelic polymorphism of mouse Igh-J locus, which encodes immunoglobulin heavy chain joining (JH) segment. Immunogenetics 36: 306–313, 1992
Tabor, S. and Richardson, C. C. DNA sequence analysis with a modified bacteriophage T7 DNA polymerase. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84: 4767–4771, 1987
Wong, C., Dowling, C. E., Saiki, R. K., Higuchi, R. G., Erlich, H. A., and Kazazian, H. H., Jr. Characterization of β-thalassemia mutations using direct genomic sequencing of amplified single copy DNA. Nature 330: 384–386, 1987
Wysocki, L. J., Gridley, T., Huang, S., Grandea III, A. G., and Gefter, M. L. Single germline VH and Vκ genes encode predominating antibody variable regions elicited in strain a mice by immunization with p-azophenylarsonate. J Exp Med 166: 1–11, 1987
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
The nucleotide sequence data reported in this paper have been submitted to the EMBL nucleotide sequence database and have been assigned the accession numbers X67002-X67012.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Solin, M.L., Kaartinen, M. Immunoglobulin constant kappa gene alleles in twelve strains of mice. Immunogenetics 37, 401–407 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00222463
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00222463