Abstract
The accuracy of a genetic map depends on the amount of linkage information contained in the data set used for construction of the map. The amount of linkage information is related to the designs employed for linkage analysis. The purpose of this study was to provide general formulations for various genotyping schemes and family structures in order to evaluate the amount of linkage information in a data set. Linkage information content (LIC) was defined as the frequency of fully informative gametes, which are gametes from doubly heterozygous parents with known linkage phases. Depending on the design, LIC is based on two generations if the parental phases are determined statistically, or three generations if the parental phases are determined genetically. Different schemes were considered in deriving LIC: (1) genotyping of one parent or two parents, and (2) genotyping of two or three generation families. The LIC for a full-sib design was found to be generally greater than for a half-sib design but requires typing a large number of individuals when at least one locus has only two alleles. The efficiency of the full-sib design is reduced significantly if a sex-specific linkage map is sought.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Arnheim N, Li H, Cui X (1990) PCR analysis of DNA sequences in single cells: single sperm gene mapping and genetic disease diagnosis. Genomics. 8:415–419
Beek S van der, van Arendonk JAM (1993) Criteria to optimize designs for detection and estimation of linkage between marker loci from segregating populations containing several families. Theor. Appl. Genet. 86:269–280
Beever JE, Da Y, Ron M, Lewin HA (1994) A genetic map of nine loci on bovine chromosome 2. Mamm Genome 5:542–545
Botstein D, White RL, Skolnick M, Davis RW (1980) Construction of a genetic linkage map in man using restriction fragment length polymorphisms. Am J Hum Genet 32:314–331
Chakravarti A (1991) Information content of the Centre d' Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH) family structure for linkage studies. Hum Genet 87:721–724
Cui X, Gerwin J, Navidi W, Li H, Kuehn M, Arnheim N (1992) Genecentromere linkage mapping by PCR analysis of individual oocytes. Genomics. 13:713–717
Lewin HA, Schmitt K, Hubert R, van Eijk MJT, Arnheim N (1992) Close linkage between bovine prolactin and BoLA-DRB3 genes: genetic mapping in cattle by single sperm typing. Genomics 13:44–48
Lewin HA, Beever JE, Da Y, Faulkner DB, Hines HC (1994) The bovine B and C blood group systems are not likely to be the orthologues of human RH: an interesting twist in the comparative map. Anim Genet 25:13–18
Li H, Gyllensten UB, Cui X, Saiki RK, Erlich HA, Arnheim N (1988) Amplification and analysis of DNA sequences in single human sperm and diploid cells. Nature 335:414–417
Murray JC, Buetow KH, Weber JL, Ludwigsen S, Scherpbier-Heddema T, Manion F, Quillen J, Sheffield VC, Sunden S, Duyk GM, Weissenbach J, Gyapay G, Dib C, Morrissette J, Lathrop GM, Vignal A, White R, Matsunami N, Gerken S, Melis R, Albertsen H, Plaetke R, Odelberg S, Ward D, Dausset J, Cohen D, Cann H (1994) A comprehensive human linkage map with centimorgan density. Science 265:2049–2054
Ott J (1991) Analysis of human genetic linkage. Revised edition. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore London
Rohrer GA, Alexander LJ, Keele JW, Smith TP, Beattie CW (1994) A microsatellite linkage map of the porcine genome. Genetics 136:231–245
Ron M, Band M, Wyler A, Weller JI (1993) Unequivocal determination of sire allele origin for multiallelic microsatellites when only the sire and progeny are genotyped. Anim Genet 24:171–176
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Communicated by L. D. Van Vleck
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Da, Y., Lewin, H.A. Linkage information content and efficiency of full-sib and half-sib designs for gene mapping. Theoret. Appl. Genetics 90, 699–706 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00222136
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00222136