Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A quantitative genetic model for mixed diploid and triploid hybrid progenies in tree breeding and evolution

  • Published:
Theoretical and Applied Genetics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Interspecific hybridization has played a critical role in tree evolution and breeding. The findings of triploidy in forest trees stimulate the development of a quantitative genetic model to estimate the nature of gene action. The model is based on clonally replicated triploid progenies derived from a two-level population and individual-within-population mating design in which offspring have a double dose of alleles from the parent and a single dose of alleles from the other parent. With the same genetic assumptions of a diploid model, except non-Mendelian behavior at meiosis, and the experimental variances estimated from a linear statistical model, total genetic variances in the triploid progenies are separated into additive, dominance, and epistatic components. In addition, by combining the new model with the already existing model based on disomic expression, the partitioning of additive, dominant, and epistatic variances can be obtained for a mixed diploid/triploid F1 progeny population. This paper provides an alternative technique to study the modes of quantitative inheritance for outcrossing, long-lived forest trees in which inbred lines cannot be easily generated. The accuracy for estimating gene action using this technique is discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Becker WA (1984) Manual of quantitative genetics. Academic Enterprise, Pullman, Wash.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bogyo TP, Lance RCM, Chevalier P, Nilan RA (1988) Genetic models for quantitatively inherited endosperm characters. Heredity 60:61–67

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bogyo TP, Paulis JW, Bietz JA, Smith JSC (1993) Quantitative genetic studies of A/B zeins using a new model to test non-allelic interactions. Theor Appl Genet 87:33–37

    Google Scholar 

  • Bonierbale MW, Plaisted RL, Tanksley SD (1993) A test of the maximum heterozygosity hypothesis using molecular markers in tetraploid potatoes. Theor Appl Genet 86:481–491

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bradshaw HD Jr., Foster GS (1992) Marker-aided selection and propagation systems in trees: Advantages of cloning for studying quantitative inheritance. Can J For Res 22:1044–1049

    Google Scholar 

  • Bradshaw HD Jr., Stettler RF (1993) Molecular genetics of growth and development in Populus. I. Triploidy in hybrid poplars. Theor Appl Genet 86:301–307

    Google Scholar 

  • Bradshaw HD Jr., Villar M, Watson BD, Otto KG, Stewart S, Stettler RF (1994) Molecular genetics of growth and development in Populus. III. A genetic linkage map of a hybrid poplar composed of RFLP, STS, and RAPD markers. Theor Appl Genet 89:167–178

    Google Scholar 

  • Cheliak WM, Klimaszewska K (1991) Genetic variation in somatic embrogenesis response in open-pollinated families of black spruce. Theor Appl Genet 82:185–190

    Google Scholar 

  • Cockerham CC (1963) Esimation of genetic variances. In: Hanson WD, Robinson HF (eds) Statistical genetics and plant breeding. Nat Acad Sci — Nat Res Counc Publ No. 982, Washington, D.C., pp 53–94

  • Comstock RE, Kelleher, T, Morrow EB (1958) Genetic variation in an asexual species, the garden strawberry. Genetics 43:634–646

    Google Scholar 

  • Critchfield WB (1984) Impact of the Pleistocene on the genetic structure of North American conifers. In: Lanner RM (ed) Proc 8th N Am For Bio Workshop. Utah State University, Logan, Utah, pp 70–118

    Google Scholar 

  • Dancik BP, Yeh FCH (1983) Allozyme variability and evolution of lodgepole pine and jack pine in Canada. Can J Genet Cytol 25:57–64

    Google Scholar 

  • Einspahr DW, van Buijtenen JP, Peckham JR (1964) Natural variation and heritability in triploid aspen. Silvae Genet 13:51–58

    Google Scholar 

  • Falconer DS (1989) Introduction to quantitative genetics, 3rd edn. Longman Group, London New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Foolad MR, Jones RA (1992) Models to estimate maternally controlled genetic variation in quantitative seed characters. Theor Appl Genet 83:360–366

    Google Scholar 

  • Foster GS (1990) Genetic control of rooting ability of stem cuttings from loblolly pine. Can J For Res 20:1361–1368

    Google Scholar 

  • Foster GS (1993) Selection and breeding for extreme genotypes. In: Ahuja MR, Libby WJ (eds) Clonal forestry. I. Genetics and biotechnology. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 50–67

    Google Scholar 

  • Foster GS, Shaw DV (1988) Using clonal replicates to explore genetic variation in a perennial plant species. Theor Appl Genet 76:788–794

    Google Scholar 

  • Gale MD (1976) High α-amylase breeding and genetical aspects of the problem. Cereal Res Comm 4:231–243

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayman BI (1958) The separation of epistatic from additive and dominance variation in generation means. Heredity 12:371–390

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayman BI (1960) Maximum liklihood estimatation of genetic components of variation. Biometrics 16:369–381

    Google Scholar 

  • Hinkelmann K (1974) Two-level diallel cross experiments. Silvae Genet 23:18–22

    Google Scholar 

  • Jinks JL, Perkins JM, Gregory SR (1972) The analysis and interpretation of differences between reciprocal crosses of Nicotiana rustica varieties. Heredity 28:363–377

    Google Scholar 

  • Kasule FK (1992) A quantitative genetics analysis of reproductive allocation in the cotton stainer bug Dysdercus fasciatus. Heredity 69:141–149

    Google Scholar 

  • Kempthorne O (1957) An introduction to genetic statistics. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Klekowski EJ (1988) Genetic load and its causes in long-lived plants. Trees 2:195–203

    Google Scholar 

  • Lande R, Barrowclough G (1987) Effective population size, genetic variation, and their use in population management. In: Soule ME (ed) Variable populations for conservation. Cambridge University Press, New York, pp 87–123

    Google Scholar 

  • Ledig FT, Conkle MT (1983) Gene diversity and genetic structure in a narrow endemic, torrey pine (Pinus torreyana Parry ex Carr.). Evolution 37:79–85

    Google Scholar 

  • Levin DA (1983) Polyploidy and novelty in flowering plants. Am Nat 122:1–25

    Google Scholar 

  • Li J, Margolies DC (1993) Quantitative genetics of aerial dispersal behaviour and life-history traits in Tetranychus urticae. Heredity 70:544–552

    Google Scholar 

  • Libby WJ (1992) Use of genetic variation for breeding forest trees. In: Stalker HT, Murphy JP (eds) Plant breeding in the 1990s. CAB Int, Wallingford, UK, pp 101–117

    Google Scholar 

  • Libby WJ, Jund E (1962) Variance associated with cloning. Heredity 17:533–540

    Google Scholar 

  • Mather K (1949) Biometrical genetics. Methuen, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Mather K, Jinks JL (1982) Biometrical genetics, 3rd edn. Chapman and Hall, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Millet M, Pinthus MJ (1980) Genotypic effects of the maternal tissue of wheat on its grain weight. Theor Appl Genet 58:247–252

    Google Scholar 

  • Mo H (1988) Genetic expression for endosperm traits. In: Weir B, Eisen EJ, Goodman MM, Namkoong G (eds) Proc 2nd Int Conf Quant Genet. Sinauer Assoc, Boston, Mass., pp 478–487

    Google Scholar 

  • Mullin TJ, Park YS (1992) Estimating genetic gains from alternative breeding strategies for clonal forestry. Can J For Res 22:14–23

    Google Scholar 

  • Mullin TJ, Morgenstern EK, Park YS, Fowler DP (1992) Genetic parameters from a clonally replicated test of black spruce (Picea mariana). Can J For Res 22:24–36

    Google Scholar 

  • Namkoong G, Kang H (1990) Quantitative genetics of forest trees. In: Janick J (ed) Plant breeding review. Timber Press, Oreg., pp 139–188

    Google Scholar 

  • Namkoong G, Roberds JH (1974) Choosing mating designs to efficiently estimate genetic variance components for trees. I. Sampling errors of standard analysis of variance estimators. Silvae Genet 23:43–53

    Google Scholar 

  • Park YS, Fowler DP (1987) Genetic variances among clonally propagated populations of tamarack and the implications for clonal forestry. Can J For Res 17:1175–1180

    Google Scholar 

  • Park YS, Pond SE, Bonga JM (1993) Initiation of somatic embryogenesis in white spruce: Genetic control, culture treatment effects, and implications for tree breeding. Theor Appl Genet 86:427–436

    Google Scholar 

  • Pooni HS, Kumar I, Khush GS (1992) A comprehensive model for disomically inherited metrical traits expressed in triploid tissues. Heredity 69:166–174

    Google Scholar 

  • Pooni HS, Kumar I, Khush GS (1993a) Genetic control of amylose content in selected crosses of Indica rice. Heredity 70:269–280

    Google Scholar 

  • Pooni HS, Kumar I, Khush GS (1993b) Genetic control of amylose content in a diallel set of rice crosses. Heredity 71:603–613

    Google Scholar 

  • Robertson LD, Frey KJ (1984) Cytoplasmic effects on plant traits in inter-specific mating of Avena. Crop Sci 24:200–204

    Google Scholar 

  • Rogers DL, Stettler RF, Heilman PE (1989) Genetic variation and productivity of Populus trichocarpa and its hybrids. III. Structure and pattern of variation in a three-year field test. Can J For Res 19:372–377

    Google Scholar 

  • Stebbin GL (1971) Chromosomal evolution in higher plants. Addison-Wesley, Reading, Mass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stelly DM, Peloquin SJ (1986) Diploid female gametophyte formation in 24-chromosome potatoes: genetic evidence for the prevalence of the second meiotic restitution mode. Can Genet Cytol 28:101–108

    Google Scholar 

  • Stonecypher RW, McCullough (1986) Estimates of additive and non-additive genetic variance from a clonal diallel of Douglas-fir Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco. In: Proc IUFRO Joint Meet Work Parties Breed Theor Prog Test Seed Orchards. NCSU-Industry Coop Tree Imp Pgm, Raleigh, N. C., pp 211–227

    Google Scholar 

  • van Buijtenen JP, Joranson PN, Einspahr DW (1957) Naturally occurring triploid quaking aspen in the United States. In: Proc Soc Am For Annu Meet. Syracuse, N.Y., pp 62–64

  • Widén B, Andersson S (1993) Quantitative genetics of life-history and morphology in a rare plant, Senecio integrifolius. Heredity 70:503–514

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Ecosystem Science and Conservation, College of Forest Resources, University of Washington, 98195, Seattle, WA, USA

    R. Wu

Authors
  1. R. Wu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

Communicated by G. S. Khush

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Wu, R. A quantitative genetic model for mixed diploid and triploid hybrid progenies in tree breeding and evolution. Theoret. Appl. Genetics 90, 683–690 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00222134

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00222134

Key words

Search

Navigation