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Long term effect of hypophysectomy and prolactin treatment on kidney structure in the eel in fresh water

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Summary

Long term effects of hypophysectomy and ovine prolactin treatment on the histological picture of the kidney were investigated in European eels.

The epithelial cell height is very slowly affected after hypophysectomy, the decrease being highly significant after 50 days only in the distal and the initial collecting tubules. Nuclear surfaces were more rapidly reduced, the regressive changes being first detected in the initial collecting tubule (5 days), then in the distal portion and the two proximal segments. No degenerative changes were observed. These structural responses may be correlated with the slow reduction of the urine flow and of the plasma electrolytes in the same species.

Ovine prolactin treatment (10 μg/g/day) overcompensates the effects of hypophysectomy on the epithelial cell height and the nuclear area, and even after 50 days still induces the proliferation of new tubules although its action remains less intense than in intact eels. Other histological criteria (brush border thickness, mitotic activity, basal structure of proximal 2 cells) and sodium retention do suggest that these structural modifications reflect an increased functional activity of the kidney in addition to the effect of prolactin on sodium fluxes in the gills.

Résumé

Les effets à long terme de l'hypophysectomie et de l'apport de prolactine sont étudiés chez l'Anguille européenne sur la structure histologique du rein.

Seules les hauteurs épithéliales des tubes distal and collecteur initial sont réuites après 50 jours. La diminution des surface nucléaires est plus rapide et décelable après 5 jours dans le collecteur, puis les tubes distal et proximal 1 et 2, les différences étant hautement significatives (P < 0,001). Ces réponses peuvent être mises en parallèle avec la chute lente des électrolytes plasmatiques et du débit urinaire.

La prolactine ovine (10μg/g/jour) surcompense les effets de l'hypophysectomie d'après les paramètres étudiés et même après 50 jours peut encore provoquer la differentiation de nouveaux tubules; son action reste toutefois moins intense que celle exercée chez l'animal intact. D'autres critères histologiques (épaisseur des bordures en brosse, activité mitotique, zone éosinophile striée basale des cellules proximales 2) et la rétention simultanée de sodium plaident aussi en faveur d'une activité fonctionnelle accrue du rein en plus de l'effet de la prolactine ovine sur les flux de sodium branchiaux.

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We thank Mrs. De Lignières for hypophysectomy of the fish, Miss Lemoine for taking care of the injected fish, and the National Institutes of Health, Endocrinology Study Section, Bethesda, USA, for the generous supply of prolactin used in this experiment

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Olivereau, M., Olivereau, J. Long term effect of hypophysectomy and prolactin treatment on kidney structure in the eel in fresh water. Cell Tissue Res. 176, 349–359 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00221793

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