Abstract
Several numerical plasma simulation models using particles are described which are appropriate for low frequency electrostatic and electromagnetic microinstabilities in a strong magnetic field. The model makes use of the guiding center drift approximations for the electrons while the ions are represented either as particles obeying the equation of motion with the full Lorentz force or a fluid which includes finite-Larmor-radius effects. These models are particularly useful for studying low frequency microinstabilities (ω ≲ ωpi, Ωi) propagating nearly perpendicular to an external magnetic field (k⊥ ≫ k∥).
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Okuda, H. Particle simulation models for low frequency microinstabilities in a magnetic field. Space Sci Rev 42, 41–52 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00218222
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00218222