Abstract
Upon start-up of a rapid sand filter fed with groundwater containing Mn2+ and NH4+, the first to be removed was NH4+, which was oxidized to NO2 -. After both NH4+ and NO2 -. were completely oxidized to NO3 -, the removal of Mn2+ commenced. Batch experiments showed that the addition of Nitrosomonas europaea and Nitrobacter winogradskyi stimulated the Mn2+ removal by sandfilter microbial consortia. NO2 -. was found to have a marked inhibitory effect on the removal of Mn2+ and could reduce the removal rate by half. In this respect, NO2 --mediated chemical reduction of manganese oxide was demonstrated at slightly acidic pH values. In pure cultures of Nitrosomonas europaea and Nitrobacter winogradskyi, no Mn2+ oxidation occurred, but reduction of MnO2 to Mn2+ was found when NO2 -. accumulated. These results indicate that the development of NO2/-. oxidizers is critical in the removal of Mn2+ in rapid sand filters. By oxidizing NO2 -. NO2 -. oxidizers eliminate the negative effect of NO2 -. on the biological oxidation of Mn2+.
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Vandenabeele, J., Vande Woestyne, M., Houwen, F. et al. Role of autotrophic nitrifiers in biological manganese removal from groundwater containing manganese and ammonium. Microb Ecol 29, 83–98 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00217425
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00217425