Summary
At present, MRI of the kidney is considered to be a problem-solving imaging modality that is complementary to CT and ultrasound. The anatomy of the kidney and perirenal space is consistently visualized on MRI, which provides excellent demonstration of the corticomedullary differentiation on T1-weighted images. The indistinctness or obliteration of corticomedullary differentiation is a sensitive but nonspecific finding. The large field of view provided by MRI facilitates the diagnosis of congenital anomalies, but the high cost of the examination precludes its use as a primary imaging method. The use of contrast media has expanded the application of MRI into the detection and characterization of renal masses. However, the greatest value of MRI lies in the staging of renal-cell carcinoma, specifically in cases in which CT and ultrasound findings have proved to be inconclusive. The main advantages provided by MRI in such cases involve the assessment of vascular patency and the evaluation of direct tumor extension.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Beahrs OH, Henson DE, Hutter RVP, Myers MH (eds) (1988) Manual for staging of cancer. Lippincott, Philadelphia
Edelman RR, Chion D, Atkinson DJ, Sandstrom J (1991) Fast time of flight MR angiography with improved background. Radiology 179:867–870
Eilenberg SS, Lee JK, Brown JJ, Mirowitz SA, Tartar VM (1990) Renal masses: evaluation with gradient echo Gd-DTPA enhanced dynamic MR imaging. Radiology 176:333–338
Hricak H, Thoeni RF, Carroll PR, Demas BE, Marotti M, Tanagho EA (1988) Detection and staging of renal neoplasm: a reassessment of MR imaging. Radiology 166:643–649
Kikinis R, Schulthess GK von, Jager P, et al (1987) Normal and hydronephrotic kidney: evaluation of renal function with contrast enhanced MR imaging. Radiology 165:837–842
Kock M, Schulthess GK von (1991) Magnetic resonance angiography in the abdomen and pelvis. Curr Opin Radiol 3:463–470
Manechuka H, Sullivan DC, Hedlund LW, et al (1991) Evaluation of acute renal failure with magnetic resonance imaging using gradient echo and Gd-DTPA. Invest Radiol 26:22–27
Marotti M, Hricak H, Terrier F, McAninch JW (1987) MR in renal disease. Importance of cortical medullary distinction. Magn Reson Med 5:160–162
Morris PG (1986) Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging in medicine and biology. Oxford University Press, Oxford
Mynenil L, Hricak H, Carroll PR (1992) MRI of the renal cell carcinoma with extension into the vena cava. Staging accuracy and recent advances. Br J Urol (in press)
Quint LE, Glazer GM, Chenevert TL, et al (1988) In vivo and in vitro MR imaging of renal tumors: histopathologic correlation and pulse sequence optimization. Radiology 169:359–362
Rofsky NM, Weinreb JC, Bonisak MAA, Libers RO, Birnbaum BA (1991) Renal lesion characterization with gadolinium enhanced MR imaging: efficacy and safety in patients with renal insufficiency. Radiology 180:85–90
Semelka RC, Hricak H, Tomei E, Iloth A, Stoller M (1990) Obstructive nephropathy: evaluation with dynamic Gd-DTPA enhanced MR imaging. Radiology 175:797–803
Semelka RC, Hricak H, Stevens SK, Finegold R, Tonei E, Carroll PR (1991) Combined gadolinium enhanced and fat saturation MR imaging of renal masses. Radiology 179:803–805
Sussman SK, Glickstein MF, Krzymowski GA (1990) Hypointense renal cell carcinoma: MR imaging with pathologic correlation. Radiology 177:495–497
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hricak, H., Campos, Z. & Carroll, P. Magnetic resonance imaging of the kidney. World J Urol 10, 154–160 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00213671
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00213671