Abstract
Two applications of the insect growth regulator diflubenzuron were made to replicate littoral enclosures at nominal concentrations of 0.7, 2.5, 7.0, and 30 μg/L. Assessment of the effects of this insecticide on benthic macroinvertebrate community structure was accomplished by measuring changes in abundance and taxonomic richness. Chironomidae and Ephemeroptera were the most sensitive groups sampled, with no observed effect concentrations of 2.5 and 0.7 μg/L, respectively. No adverse effects were observed on Mollusca or Oligochaeta at any of the test concentrations. Taxonomic richness was noticably reduced at 7.0 and 30 μg/L on all post-application sampling dates, producing changes in community structure that persisted for ⩾57 days.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ali A, Lord J (1980a) Experimental insect growth regulators against some nuisance chironomid midges of central Florida. J Econ Entomol 73:243–249
—, — (1980b) Impact of experimental insect growth regulators on some nontarget aquatic invertebrates. Mosq News 40:564–571
Ali A, Mulla MS (1978a) Effects of chironomid larvicides and diflubenzuron on nontarget invertebrates in residential-recreational lakes. Environ Entomol 7:21–27
—, — (1978b) Impact of the insect growth regulator diflubenzuron on invertebrates in a residential-recreational lake. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 7:483–491
Apperson CS, Schaefer CH, Colwell AE, Werner GH, Anderson NL, Dupras EF Jr, Longanecker DR (1978) Effects of diflubenzuron on Chaoborus astictopus and nontarget organisms and persistence of diflubenzuron in lentic habitats. J Econ Entomol 71:521–527
Brazner JC, Heinis LJ, Jensen DA (1989) A littoral enclosure for replicated field experiments. Environ Toxicol Chem 8:1209–1216
Brinkhurst RO (1986) Guide to the freshwater aquatic microdirile oligochaetes of North America. Can Spec Publ Fish Aquat Sci 84:1–259
— (1993) Future directions in freshwater biomonitoring using benthic macroinvertebrates. In: Rosenberg DM and Resh VS (eds) Freshwater Biomonitoring and Benthic Macroinvertebrates. Routledge, Chapman and Hall, Inc., NY
Buikema AL Jr., Voshell JR Jr. (1993) Toxicity studies using freshwater benthic macroinvertebrates. In: Rosenberg DM and Resh VS (eds) Freshwater Biomonitoring and Benthic Macroinvertebrates. Routledge, Chapman and Hall, Inc., NY
Cairns J Jr., Pratt JR (1993) A history of biological monitoring using benthic macroinvertebrates. In: Rosenberg DM and Resh VS (eds) Freshwater Biomonitoring and Benthic Macroinvertebrates. Routledge, Chapman and Hall, Inc., NY
Eisler R (1992) Diflubenzuron hazards to fish, wildlife, and invertebrates: a synoptic review. Biolog Rep 4, Contam Hazard Rev, U.S. Dept Interior, Fish and Wildlife Serv, Washington, DC
Fischer SA, Hall LW Jr. (1992) Environmental concentrations and aquatic toxicity data on diflubenzuron (Dimilin). Critical Rev Toxicol 22:45–79
Hansen SR, Garton RR (1982) Ability of standard toxicity tests to predict the effects of the insecticide diflubenzuron on laboratory stream communities. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 39:1273–1288
Heinis LJ, Knuth ML (1992) The mixing, distribution and persistence of esfenvalerate within littoral enclosures. Environ Toxicol Chem 11:11–25
Jandel Scientific (1992) SigmaStat™, Version 1.01. Jandel Scientific, San Rafael, CA
Klemm DJ, Lewis PA, Fulk F, Lazorchak JM (1990) Microinvertebrate field and laboratory methods for evaluating the biological integrity of surface waters. EPA/600/4–90/030. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH
Knuth ML, Heinis LJ (1995) Distribution and persistence of diflubenzuron within littoral enclosure mesocosms. J Agric Food Chem 43:1087–1097
Legner EF, Medved RA, Sjogren RD (1975) Quantitative water column samples for insects in shallow aquatic habitats. Proc Calif Mosq Control Assoc 43:110–115
Liber K, Schmude KL, Corry TD (1996) Effects of the insect growth regulator diflubenzuron on insect emergence within littoral enclosures. Environ Entomol 25:172–179
Longhurst AR, Seibert DLR (1967) Skill in the use of Folsom's plankton sample splitter. Limnol Oceanogr 12:334–338
Machado J, Coimbra J, Castilho F, Sā C (1990) Effects of diflubenzuron on shell formation of the freshwater clam, Anodonta cygnea. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 19:35–39
Merritt RW, Cummins KW (1984) An Introduction to the Aquatic Insects of North America. 2nd ed. Kendall/Hunt, Dubuque, IA
Mulla MS, Majori G, Darwazeh HA (1975) Effects of the insect growth regulator Dimilin® or TH-6040 on mosquitoes and some nontarget organisms. Mosq News 35:211–216
Nebeker AV, McKinney P, Cairns MA (1983) Acute and chronic effects of diflubenzuron (Dimilin) on freshwater fish and invertebrates. Environ Toxicol Chem 2:329–336
Norris RH, Georges A (1993) Analysis and interpretation of benthic macroinvertebrates. In: Rosenberg DM and Resh VS (eds) Freshwater Biomonitoring and Benthic Macroinvertebrates. Routledge, Chapman and Hall, Inc., NY
Reice SR, Wohlenberg M (1993) Monitoring freshwater benthic macroinvertebrates and benthic processes: measures for assessment of ecosystem health. In: Rosenberg DM and Resh VS (eds) Freshwater Biomonitoring and Benthic Macroinvertebrates. Routledge, Chapman and Hall, Inc., NY
Resh VH, McElravy EP (1993) Contemporary quantitative approaches to biomonitoring using benthic macroinvertebrates. In: Rosenberg DM and Resh VS (eds) Freshwater Biomonitoring and Benthic Macroinvertebrates. Routledge, Chapman and Hall, Inc., NY
Rosenberg DM, Resh VH (1993) Introduction to freshwater biomonitoring and benthic macroinvertebrates. In: Rosenberg DM and Resh VS (eds) Freshwater Biomonitoring and Benthic Macroinvertebrates, Routledge, Chapman and Hall, Inc., NY
Sundaram KMS, Holmes SB, Kreutzweiser DP, Sundaram A, Kingsbury PD (1991) Environmental persistence and impact of diflubenzuron in a forest aquatic environment following aerial application. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 20:313–324
Swift MC, Smucker RA, Cummins KW (1988) Effects of Dimilin® on freshwater litter decomposition. Environ Toxicol Chem 7:161–166
Thorp JH, Covich AP (1991) Ecology and Classification of North America Freshwater Invertebrates. Academic Press, Inc., NY
Wallace JB (1989) Structure and function of freshwater ecosystems: Assessing the potential impact of pesticides. In: Voshell JR Jr (ed) Using Mesocosms to Assess the Aquatic Ecological Risk of Pesticides: Theory and Practice. Entomological Society of America, Miscellaneous Publication Number 75, Boston, MA
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
O'Halloran, S.L., Liber, K., Schmude, K.L. et al. Effects of diflubenzuron on benthic macroinvertebrates in littoral enclosures. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 30, 444–451 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00213394
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00213394