Skip to main content
Log in

The effects of temperature, pressure, and oxygen on copper and iron sulphides synthesised in aqueous solution

  • Published:
Mineralium Deposita Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Experiments with both iron sulphide and copper sulphide precipitates in aqueous solution show that oxygen is significant in determining the mineral phases resulting after heating up to 180 °C. Tetragonal FeS converts to FeS2 and Fe3O4 in the presence of oxygen, while in the absence of oxygen under the same conditions it converts to hexagonal FeS. Suspensions of covellite and of chalcocite under the same conditions convert to digenite in the presence of oxygen, but remain unchanged when oxygen is absent. Experimental evidence is advanced to support structure determinations that CuS contains disulphide ions.

Zusammenfassung

Experimente mit in wässrigen Lösungen ausgefällten Eisen- und Kupfersulfiden dokumentieren die außerordentliche Bedeutung des Sauerstoffes auf die Bildungs- und Verhaltensweise von Mineralphasen, beobachtet nach dem Aufheizen auf 180 °C. So bildet sich aus ursprünglich tetragonalem FeS letzten Endes Pyrit und Magnetit, wenn Sauerstoff zugegen war, während bei dessen Abwesenheit, aber sonst gleichen Versuchsbedingungen, die Umwandlung in hexagonales FeS erfolgte. Suspensionen von Covellin und Chalkosin wurden, unter analogen Versuchsbedingungen und in Gegenwart von Sauerstoff, in Digenit überführt, während sonst, wenn keine Sauerstoffeinwirkung stattfand, die Mineralphasen keinerlei Veränderungen erkennen ließen. Mittels solcher experimenteller Methoden lassen sich bei der Strukturbestimmung des CuS offenbar Merkmale des Vorhandenseins von Disulfidionen erkennen.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Adou, J. J., Baudet, J.: Magnetic susceptibility of nonstoichiometric compounds, I. Copper and silver sulphides and selenides. J. Chim. Phys. 64, 540 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, J. S., Morton, M. C.: The electrical conductivity of stannous sulphide. Proc. Roy. Soc. London 184 A, 83–101 (1945).

    Google Scholar 

  • Arnold, R. G.: Equilibrium relations between pyrrhotite and pyrite from 325 °C to 745 °C. Econ. Geol. 57, 72–90 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  • Berry, L. G.: The crystal structure of Covellite CuS and Klockmannite, CuSe. Am. Mineralogist 39, 604–509 (1954).

    Google Scholar 

  • Buerger, N. W.: The chalcocite problem. Econ. Geol. 36, 19–44 (1941).

    Google Scholar 

  • Djurle, Seved: An X-ray study on the system Cu-S. Acta. Chem. Scand. 12, 1415–1426 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  • Doyle, R. W.: Identification and solubility of iron in Anaerobic lake sediment. Am. J. Sci. 266, 980–994 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  • Grønvold, F., Haraldsen, H.: On the phase relations of synthetic and natural pyrrhotites. Acta Chem. Scand. 6, 1442–1469 (1952).

    Google Scholar 

  • Jellinek, F.: Inorganic sulphur chemistry, 770 p. Nickles, G., London: Elsevier 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kanehira, Keiichiro, Shohei Banno, Koichi Nishida: Sulphide and oxide minerals in some metamorphic terranes in Japan. Japan. J. Geol. Geography XXXV, 175–191 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  • Marfunin, A. S., Mkrtchyan, A. R.: Mössbauer spectra of Fe57 in sulphides. Geokhimiya 10, 1094–1103 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Moh, Günther H.: Phase relations and minerals in the sulphur rich portion of the Cu-S System at low temperatures. I. M.A.-I.A. G. O. D. meetings, open Session IV, Abs. 219, Japan (1970.)

  • Roberts, W. M. B., Walker, A. L., Buchanan, A. S.: The chemistry of pyrite formation in aqueous solution and its relation to the depositional environment. Min. Dep. 4, 18–29 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  • Toulmin, Priestly III, Barton, P. Jr.: A thermodynamic study of pyrite and pyrrhotite. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 28, 641–671 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

Published by permission of the Director, Bureau of Mineral Resources, Canberra A. C. T., Australia.

Temporary Address: Mineralog.-Petrograph. Inst. Univ. Heidelberg, Berliner Str. 19, 69 Heidelberg, Germany

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Roberts, W.M.B., Buchanan, A.S. The effects of temperature, pressure, and oxygen on copper and iron sulphides synthesised in aqueous solution. Mineral. Deposita 6, 23–33 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00207114

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00207114

Keywords

Navigation