Skip to main content
Log in

Solid carbon at high pressure: Electrical resistivity and phase transition

  • Published:
Physics and Chemistry of Minerals Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The electrical resistivity of polycrystalline graphite and amorphous carbon are measured at high pressures and room temperature. The results show that the resistivity of these carbon phases decreases with increasing pressure below 19 GPa. The pressure dependence of the resistivity (dlnϱ/dP) is determined to be-0.037 GPa−1 for the polycrystalline graphite and-0.039 GPa−1 for the amorphous carbon. A phase transition, interpreted as the transformation to hexagonal diamond phase, is observed in the polycrystalline graphite at about 20 GPa but not in the amorphous carbon. The present experimental results support the assumption that this phase transition is martensitic in nature.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Aust RB, Drickamer HG (1963) Carbon: a new crystalline phase. Science 140:817–819

    Google Scholar 

  • Bundy FP, Kasper JS (1967) Hexagonal diamond — a new form of carbon. J Chem Phys 46:3437–3446

    Google Scholar 

  • Duba AG, Shankland TJ (1982) Free carbon & electrical conductivity in the Earth's mantle. Geophys Res Lett 9:1271–1274

    Google Scholar 

  • Frondel C, Marvin UB (1967) Lonsdaleite, a hexagonal polymorph of diamond. Nature 214:587–589

    Google Scholar 

  • Gwanmesia GD, Liebermann RC (1992) Polycrystals of high-pressure phases of mantle minerals: hot-pressing and characterization of physical properties. In: Syono Y, Manghnani MH (eds) High-Pressure Research: Application to Earth and Planetary Sciences. Terra Scientific Publishing, Tokyo, pp 117–135

    Google Scholar 

  • Hanfland M, Beister H, Syassen K (1989) Graphite under pressure: equation of state and first-order Raman modes. Phys Rev B 39:12598–12603

    Google Scholar 

  • Hanneman RE, Strong HM, Bundy FP (1967) Hexagonal diamond in meteorites: implications. Science 155:995–997

    Google Scholar 

  • Li X, Jeanloz R (1987) Electrical conductivity of (Mg,Fe)SiO3 perovskite and a perovskite-dominated assemblage at lower mantle conditions. Geophys Res Lett 14:1075–1078

    Google Scholar 

  • Li X, Jeanloz R (1990) Laboratory studies of the electrical conductivity of silicate perovskites at high pressures and temperatures. J Geophys Res B 95:5067–5078

    Google Scholar 

  • Liebermann RC, Wang Y (1992) Characterization of sample environment in a uniaxial splitsphere apparatus. In: Syono Y, Manghnani MH (eds) High-Pressure Research: Application to Earth and Planetary Sciences. Terra Scientific Publishing, Tokyo, pp 19–31

    Google Scholar 

  • Lonsdale K (1971) Formation of Lonsdaleite from single-crystal graphite. Am Mineral 56:333–336

    Google Scholar 

  • Mao HK, Bell PM (1977) Techniques of electrical conductivity measurement to 300 kbar. In: Manghnani MH, Akimoto S (eds) High-Pressure Research: Application in Geophysics. Academic, New York, pp 493–502

    Google Scholar 

  • Mattey DP (1987) Carbon isotopes in the mantle. Terra Cognita 7:31–37

    Google Scholar 

  • Spain IL (1973) Electronic transport properties of graphite, carbons, and related materials. In: Walker PL, Thrower PA (eds) Chemistry and Physics of Carbon, vol 8. Marcel Dekker, New York, pp 1–150

    Google Scholar 

  • Tingle TN, Green HW (1987) Carbon solubility in olivine: implications for upper mantle evolution. Geology 15:324–326

    Google Scholar 

  • Utsumi W, Yagi T (1991) Light-transparent phase formed by room-temperature compression of graphite. Science 252:1542–1544

    Google Scholar 

  • Weast RC, Astle MJ (1980) CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp F171

    Google Scholar 

  • Yagi T, Utsumi W, Yamakata M, Kikegawa T, Shimomura O (1992) High-pressure in situ x-ray-diffraction study of the phase transformation from graphite to hexagonal diamond at room temperature. Phys Rev B 46:6031–6039

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhao YX, Spain IL (1989) X-ray diffraction data for graphite to 20 GPa. Phys Rev B 40:993–997

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Li, X., Mao, HK. Solid carbon at high pressure: Electrical resistivity and phase transition. Phys Chem Minerals 21, 1–5 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00205208

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00205208

Keywords

Navigation