Abstract
We welcome the discussion of our paper by Tornos et al. The epithermal character of the Hiendelaencina veins might have been ‘an assumption’ in the early to mid 1980s, however, this early idea has been reaffirmed after many years of research involving fieldwork and mineralogical, sulphur isotopes, and fluid inclusions studies. The same applies to the ‘alleged’ extensional frame, a tectonic episode now well documented not only in central Spain (Spanish Central System: Doblas 1987; Doblas et al. 1988; Doblas 1991) but in France (French Central Massif: Ménard and Molnar 1988; Malavieille et al. 1990; Munoz et al. 1992).
The deposits are hosted by metamorphic rocks and the nearest volcanic outcrops to Hiendelaencina are those of Atienza (andesites; some 12 km northward). This is the reason why the relationships between the Atienza volcanics and the Hiendelaencina veins were initially regarded as ‘obscure’. These Stephanian-Permian volcanic outcrops are only local evidence of the late Variscan magmatism, which in the case of Hiendelaencina remained concealed. It is evident that the geologic environments of Hiendelaencina and Atienza are very different (see Discussion, p. 88 of the paper). As a direct consequence of this, the local structural conditions led to contrasted expressions of the late Variscan magmatism i.e. subaereal at Atienza and hypabyssal at Hiendelaencina.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Arthaud, F., Matte, P. (1975) Les décrochements tardihercyniens du sud-ouest de l'Europe. Géometrie et essai de reconstruction des conditions de la déformation. Tectonophysics 25:139–171
Bergamin, J. F., Casquet, C., Fúster, J. M., González Casado, J. M., Peinado, M. (1989) La falla de Santa María La Real de Nieva. Un accidente extensional Hercinico en el Sistema Central Espanol. Interpretación geofísica y geológica. Studia Geologica Salmanticensia 4:27–40
Bergamín, J. F., Fernández, C., Tejero, R. (1991) A gravimetric model of dome-like structure in the eastern part of the Spanish Central System. Terra Abstracts (EUG VI; Strasbourg), p. 349
Buchanan, L. J. (1981) Precious metal deposits associated with volcanic environments in the southwest. In: Dickinson, W. R., Payne, W. T. (eds.) Relations of tectonics to ore deposits in the Southern Cordillera. Arizona Geological Society, USA, pp. 237–262
Caballero, J. M., Casquet, C., Galindo, C., González Casado, J. M., Snelling, N., Tornos, F. (1992) Dating of hydrothermal events in the Sierra de Guadarrama, Iberian Hercynian belt, Spain. Geogaceta 11:18–22
Canals, A., Cardellach, E., Rye, D. M., Ayora, A. (1992) Origin of the Atrevida vein (Catalonian Coastal Ranges, Spain). Mineralogie, fluid inclusion, and stable isotope study. Econ. Geol. 87:142–153
Capote, R., González Casado, J. M., De Vicente, G. (1987) Análisis poblacional de la fracturación tardihercínica en el sector central del Sistema Central Ibérico. Cuad. Lab. Xeol. Laxe 11:305–311
Casquet, C., Fúster, J. M., González Casado, J. M., Peinado, M., Villaseca, C. (1988) Extensional tectonics and granite emplacement in the Spanish Central System. A discussion. Proc. Fifth Workshop on the European Geotraverse (EGT) Project, Strasbourg, pp. 65–76
Claypool, G. E., Holster, W. T., Kaplan, I. R., Sakai, H., Zak, I. (1980) The age curve of sulfur and oxygen isotopes in marine sulfate and their mutual interpretation. Chem. Geol. 28:199–266
Concha, A., Oyarzun, R., Lunar, R., Sierra, J., Doblas, M., Lillo, J. (1992) The Hiendelaencina epithermal silver-base metal district, Central Spain: Tectonic and mineralizing processes. Mineral. Deposita 27:83–89
Dewey, J. F. (1988) Extensional collapse of orogens. Tectonics 7:1123–1139
Doblas, M. (1987) Tardihercynian extensional and transcurrent tectonics in central Iberia. Proc. Conf. Deformation and Plate Tectonics, Gijón, Spain, pp. 29
Doblas, M. (1991) Late Hercynian extensional and transcurrent tectonics in central Iberia. Tectonophysics 191:325–334
Doblas, M., Oyarzun, R., Lunar, R., Mayor, N., Martinez, J. (1988) Detachment faulting and late-Paleozoic epithermal Ag-base metal mineralization in the Spanish Central System. Geology 16:800–803
Echtler, H. (1990) Geometry and kinematics of recumbent folding and low-angle detachment in the Pardailhan nappe (Montagne Noire, Southern French Massif Central). Tectonophysics 177:109–123
Fernández Rodriguez, C. (1991) Estudio de los procesos de deformación de la zona de cizalla de Hiendelaencina (Sistema Central Español). Colección Tesis Doctorales, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 522 pp.
Fernández Rodriguez, C., Doblas, M. (1987) Hercynian and late Hercynian intracontinental shear zones within the Spanish Central Range granitoids (Hesperian Massif): plate tectonics implications. Proc. Conf. Deformation and Plate Tectonics, Gijón, Spain, p. 79
Gonzales Lodeiro, F. (1980) Estudio geológico estructural de la terminación oriental de la Sierra de Guadarrama (Sistema Central Español). Doctoral Thesis, Universidad de Salamanca, 334 pp.
Hernández Enrile, J. L. (1991) Extensional tectonics of the Toledo ductile-brittle shear zone, Central Iberian Massif. Tectonophysics, 191:311–324
Lillo, J. (1990) Tectonic controls in Linares-La Carolina Pb-ore field: inheritance from a collisional regime. Mineral Deposits Study Group, Annual Meeting, Dublin, p. 20
Lillo, J. (1992) Vein-type base-metal ores in Linares-La Carolina (Spain): sulphur isotopic systematics. III Congreso Geológico de España, Salamanca, Spain, 3:383–388
Lillo, J., Oyarzun, R., Lunar, R., Doblas, M., González, A., Mayor, N. (1992) Geological and metallogenic aspects of the late Variscan Ba-(F)-(base metal) vein deposits of Spanish Central System. Trans. Instn. Min. Metall. (Sect. B: Appl. Earth Sci.) 101:24–32
Malavieille, J., Guihot, P., Costa, S., Lardeaux, J. M., Gardien, V. (1990) Collapse of the thickened Variscan crust in the French Central Massif: Mont Pilat extensional shear zone and St. Etienne late Carboniferous basin. Tectonophysics 177:139–149
Ménard, G., Molnar, P. (1988) Collapse of a Hercynian Tibetan Plateau into a late Paleozoic European Basin and Range province. Nature 334:235–237
Munoz, M., Courjault-Radé, P., Tollon, F. (1992) The massive stibnite veins of the French Paleozoic basement: a metallogenic marker of the late Variscan brittle extension. Terra Nova 4:171–177
Ohmoto, H. (1986) Stable isotope geochemistry of the ore deposits. In: Valley, J. W., Taylor, H. P., O'Neil, J. R. (eds.) Reviews in mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America 16:491–559
Ohmoto, H., Lasaga, A. C. (1982) Kinetics of reactions between aqueous sulfates and Sulfides in hydrothermal systems. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 46:1727–1745
Sakai, H., Dickson, R. (1978) Experimental determination of the rate and equilibrium fractionation factors in sulphur isotope exchange between sulphate and sulphide in slightly acid solution at 300°C and 1000 bars. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 39:151–161
Tornos, F., Casquet, C., Locutura, J., Collado, R. (1991) Fluid inclusion and geochemical evidence for fluid mixing in the genesis of Ba-F (Pb-Zn) lodes of the Spanish Central System. Mineral. Magazine 55:225–234
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Concha, A., Oyarzun, R., Lunar, R. et al. Reply to the comment by F. Tornos et al.. Mineral. Deposita 28, 219–221 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00204046
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00204046