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Fractography of human intact long bone by bending

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Summary

Human intact tibiae were tested using the static bending method to learn about the relationship between the fracture surface and the failure mode. The bending test was applied to test pieces and to whole bones. The fracture surface was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The bone fracture is closely related to the architecture of the bone substance, especially to the direction of the Haversian canals and the lamellae. The failure mode and the sequence of the break line of the bone can be found out by the observation on the fracture surface. Hardly any crushing effects caused by the compressive force is seen. The mechanical properties of the fractured bone can be estimated to some extend by considering the direction of the break line and the failure mode. The strength calculated by the simple beam formula for elastic materials can not be obtained directly because of the plastic deformation of the bone. The results of the tensile test may be applied to the fracture using the static bending moment.

Zusammenfassung

Um die aktuelle Analyse vom Mechanismus des Knochenbruchs deutlich und ausführlich zu erfassen, wurden der Biegungsversuch und die Raster-Elektronenmikroskopische (REM) Untersuchung durchgeführt. Eine enge Beziehung zwischen dem Knochenbruch und den strukturellen Eigenschaften des menschlichen Knochens (Tibia), beziehungsweise der Verlaufsrichtung der Haverschen Kanäle und Lamellen, wurde festgestellt. Die Befunde der Bruchfläche, die mit der Hilfe von REM beobachtet werden, geben sichere Information in Bezug auf den Zerstörungstypus und die Richtungen der Bruchlinien; daraus läßt sich die Rolle des dynamischen Verhaltens des Knochens beim Bruch vermuten. Wegen der komplizierten mechanischen Eigenschaften der Knochenstruktur ist es unmöglich, wie bei der Zerstörung von elastischem Material, das homogen ist, die Fraktur mit einer Formel zu erfassen. Es wird auch erwartet, daß die Theorie von der Zugfestigkeit bei der Analyse des Knochenbruchs durch statische Biegekräfte (d.h. Biegungsfraktur) anwendbar ist.

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Kimura, T., Ogawa, K. & Kamiya, M. Fractography of human intact long bone by bending. Z Rechtsmed 79, 301–310 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00201173

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00201173

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