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Enhanced phagocytic activity of lymph node macrophages after intranodular injection of autologous red blood cells

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Summary

Rabbits were killed 1 h to 12 days after injection of washed autologous red blood cells (RBC) into the paratracheal cervical lymph nodes. Microscopic, electron-microscopic, and histochemical techniques were used to study the time-dependent ingestion and digestion capacity of phagocytes in the lymph nodes. One hour after intranodular injection of RBC, a greater portion of the target cells had already attached to the surface of and were partly ingested by sinusoidal phagocytes in the marginal zone and medulla. After 6 h, degradation of erythrocyte hemoglobin into hemosiderin could be demonstrated in a few of the cells. After 9 days, erythrocytes, erythrophages, and hemosiderophages had disappeared and could no longer be observed in the lymph nodes. Comparative morphological and histochemical studies showed these phagocytes to be macrophages. The possibility of an opsonizing or a humoral factor in lymph serum which stimulates phagocytosis was excluded in in vitro studies (peritoneal macrophages incubated with lymph serum and RBC) and the possibility of phagocytosis induced by a T-cell-macrophage interaction, was excluded in in vivo studies with athymic nude mice. Comparable enhanced phagocytic activity of lymph node macrophages could be observed in vitro after injection of RBC into isolated lymph nodes of rabbits. The findings presented here indicate that marginal zone and medullary macrophages are primarily activated and that they eliminate autologous RBC from the sinuses without any additional stimulus by mechanisms which have not yet been clarified.

Zusammenfassung

Es wurden tierexperimentelle Untersuchungen an Kaninchen zur Erfassung der phagozytotischen Aktivität von Lymphknoten-Phagozyten durchgeführt. Die Kaninchen wurden zu unterschiedlichen Zeitpunkten, von 1 h bis zu 12 Tagen nach Injektion autologer Erythrozyten in paratracheale cervicale Lymphknoten getötet. Es folgten lichtmikroskopische, elektronenmikroskopische und histochemische Untersuchungen zur Erfassung der zeitabhängigen Phagozytose und des Abbaues durch Phagozyten im Lymphknoten. Eine Stunde nach intranodulärer Injektion von Erythrozyten haftete bereits ein großer Teil der Zielzellen an der Oberfläche von sinusoidalen Phagozyten der marginalen und medullären Zone der Lymphknoten bzw. war zum Teil bereits durch sie inkorporiert. Bereits nach 6 h war ein Abbau des Erythrozytenhämoglobins zu Hämosiderin in einzelnen Zellen nachweisbar. Nach 9 Tagen waren Erythrozyten, Erythrophagen und Hämosiderophagen aus den Lymphknoten verschwunden. Vergleichende morphologische und histochemische Untersuchungen zeigten, daß es sich bei den Phagozyten um Makrophagen handelt. Die Möglichkeit einer Opsonination bzw. eines humoralen Faktors im Lymphserum, der die Phagozytose stimuliert, wurde durch In-vitro-Versuche ausgeschlossen (Peritonealmakrophagen wurden mit Lymphserum und Erythrozyten inkubiert); die Möglichkeit einer Induktion der Phagozytose durch T-Zellen wurde durch In-vivo-Versuche mit athymischen, nackten Mäusen ausgeschlossen. Eine vergleichbare, beschleunigte phagozytotische Aktivität der Lymphknotenmakrophagen konnte schließlich auch durch In-vitro-Versuche nach Injektion autologer Erythrozyten in isolierte Lymphknoten von Kaninchen festgestellt werden. Die wiedergegebenen Befunde lassen die Schlußfolgerung zu, daß die marginalen und medullären Makrophagen offenbar primär aktiviert sind und daß sie autologe Erythrozyten aus den Lymphknoten mit Hilfe von bisher unbekannten Mechanismen extrem schnell eliminieren.

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Oehmichen, M., Wiethölter, H. & Wolburg, H. Enhanced phagocytic activity of lymph node macrophages after intranodular injection of autologous red blood cells. Z Rechtsmed 88, 285–296 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00198664

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