References
Altenbach JS Geluso KN Wilson DE (1979) Population size of Tadarida brasiliensis at Carlsbad Caverns in 1973. In: Genoways HH Baker RJ (ed) Biological investigations in the Guadelupe Mountains National Park, Texas. Natl Park Service Proc Trans Ser No 4, pp 341–348
Anthony ELP (1988) Age determination in bats. In: Kunz TH (ed) Ecological and behavioral methods for the study of bats. Smithsonian Inst, pp 47–58
Clark DR Jr (1979) Lead concentrations: Bats vs. terrestrial small mammals collected near a major highway. Environ Sci Technol 13:338–341
Clark DR Jr (1981) Bats and environmental contaminants: A review. US Fish Wildl Serv Spec Sci Rpt — Wildl No 235
Clark DR Jr Wenner AS Moore JF (1986) Metal residues in bat colonies, Jackson County, Florida, 1981–1983. Florida Field Nat 14:38–45
Clark DR Jr PA Ogasawara GJ Smith HM Ohlendorf (1989) Selenium accumulation by raccoons exposed to irrigation drainwater at Kesterson Wildlife Refuge, California, 1986. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 18:787–794
Dustman EH Stickel LF (1969) The occurrence and significance of pesticide residues in wild animals. Annals New York Acad Sci 160:162–172
Edwards WC (1985) Oil field wastes create numerous hazards to livestock. Vet Med 80:98–104
Eisler R (1985) Cadmium hazards to fish, wildlife, and invertebrates: A synoptic review. US Fish Wildl Serv Contam Haz Rev No 2
Eisler R (1988a) Arsenic hazards to fish, wildlife, and invertebrates: A synoptic review. US Fish Wildl Serv Contam Haz Rev No 12
Eisler R (1988b) Lead hazards to fish, wildlife, and invertebrates: A synoptic review. US Fish Wildl Serv Contam Haz Rev No 14
Geluso KN Altenbach JS Wilson DE (1976) Bat mortality: Pesticide poisoning and migratory stress. Science 194:184–186
Geluso KN Altenbach JS Wilson DE (1981) Organochlorine residues in young Mexican free-tailed bats from several roosts. Am Midl Nat 105:249–257
McBee K Bickham J (1990) Mammals as bioindicators of environmental toxicity. In: Genoways HH (eds) Current Mammalogy Vol 2, Plenum Publ Corp, New York, pp 37–88
Perkin-Elmer analytical methods for furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy, Revised Feb 1980, The Perkin Elmer Corp, Norwalk, Conn
Price PW Rathcke BJ Gentry DA (1974) Lead in terrestrial arthropods: Evidence for biological concentration. Environ Entomol 3:370–372
Puls R (1990) Mineral levels in animal health: Diagnostic data. Sherpa Int, Clearbrook, British Columbia
Reidinger RF Jr (1972) Factors influencing Arizona bat population levels. PhD dissert, Univ Arizona, Tucson
Tachon P Laschi A Briffaux JP Brian G (1983) Lead poisoning in monkeys during pregnancy and lactation. Sci Total Environ 30:221–229
Thies M (1993) Cytogenetic aberrancy and organochlorine pesticide accumulation in the Mexican free-tailed bat: A comparison between Oklahoma and New Mexico populations. PhD dissert, Okla State Univ, Stillwater
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Thies, M., Gregory, D. Residues of lead, cadmium, and arsenic in livers of Mexican free-tailed bats. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 52, 641–648 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00195481
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00195481