Summary
We have established in vitro culture conditions for globular zygotic wheat embryos (Triticum aestivum L.). Their nutritional requirements have been systematically investigated. The initial sucrose concentration, as well as the sucrose concentration during the culture, a 6-benzylaminopurine supplement, the use of nitrates and ammonium as nitrogen source have a major influence on the embryo development. Proline has an inhibitory effect on the germination. A double layer system with different media was used to give a continuous variation of the medium composition with time. These culture conditions allowed normal direct embryogenesis in up to 47% of the globular embryos.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- BAP:
-
6-benzylaminopurine
- MES:
-
2-N-morpholinoethane-sulfonic acid
- MS:
-
Murashige and Skoog (1962)
References
Armstrong CL, Green CE (1985) Planta 164: 207–214
Chu CC, Wang CC, Sun CS, Hsu C, Yin KC, Chu CY, Bi FY (1975) Scientia Sinic. 18: 659–668
Holm PB, Knudsen S, Mouritzen P, Negri D, Olsen FL, Roué C (1994) Plant Cell 6: 531–543
Hu C, Wang P (1986) In Evans DA, Sharp WR, Ammirato PV (Eds) Handbook of plant cell culture, Macmillan Publishing Company, New York, vol 4 pp 43–96
Iglesias VA, Gisel A, Potrykus I, Sautter C (1994) Plant Cell Reports 13: 377–380
Liu CM, Xu ZH, Chua NH (1993) Plant Journal 3: 291–300
Lupotto E, Lusardi MC (1988) Maydica XXXIII: 163–177
Kranz E, Lörz H (1993) Plant Cell 5: 739–746
Monnier M (1976) Rev. Cyt. Biol. végét. 39: 1–120
Monnier M (1990) In: Bhojwani SS (Ed) Plant tissue culture: applications and limitations, Elsevier, Amsterdam Oxford New York Tokyo, pp 366–393
Mordhorst AP, Lörz H (1993) J. Plant Physiol. 142: 485–492
Murashige T, Skoog F (1962) Physiol. Plant. 15: 473–497
Norstog K (1965) Amer. J. Bot. 52: 538–546
Raghavan V (1976) In Experimental embryogenesis in vascular plants, Academic Press, London New-York San Fransisco, pp 221–255
Rijven AHGC (1958) Aust. J. Biol. Sci. 11: 142–154
Smith JG (1973) Plant Physiol. 51: 454–458
Triplett BA, Quatrano RS (1982) Dev. Biol. 91: 491–496
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Communicated by H. Lörz
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Fischer, C., Neuhaus, G. In vitro development of globular zygotic wheat embryos. Plant Cell Reports 15, 186–191 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00193717
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00193717