Skip to main content
Log in

Internal waves generated by a moving sphere and its wake in a stratified fluid

  • Originals
  • Published:
Experiments in Fluids Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The internal gravity waves and the turbulent wake of a sphere moving through stratified fluid were studied by the fluorescent dye technique. The Reynolds number Re=U·2a/v was kept nearly constant at about 3 · 103 and the Froude number F;U/a N ranged from 0.5 to 12.5. It is observed that waves generated by the body are dominant only when F<4 and are replaced by waves generated by the large scale coherent structures of the wake when F>4.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Achenbach, E. 1974: Vortex shedding from spheres. J. Fluid Mech. 62, 209–221

    Google Scholar 

  • Aksenov, A. V.; Kirillov, V. P.; Mozhaev, V. V.; Skorovarov, V. E.; Sheronov, A. A. 1985: Structure of internal waves in a channel. Fluid Dyn. 20, 92–96

    Google Scholar 

  • Aksenov, A. V.; Mozhaev, V. V.; Skoroarov, V. E.; Sheronov, A. A. 1989: Phase structure of three-dimensional internal waves in a channel. Fluid Dyn. 24, 107–111

    Google Scholar 

  • Castro, I. P.; Snyder, W. H.; Marsh, G. L. 1983: Stratified flow over three-dimensional ridges. J. Fluid Mech. 135, 261–282

    Google Scholar 

  • Chashechkin, Yu. D. 1989: Hydromechanics of a sphere in a stratified fluid. Fluid Dyn. 24, 1–6

    Google Scholar 

  • Chomaz, J.-M.; Bonneton, P.; Butet, A.; Hopfinger, E. J.; Perrier, M. 1990: Gravity wave patterns in the wake of a sphere in a stratified fluid. Proceedings of “Turbulence 89” (Lesieur, M. et Métais, O. Eds.)

  • Crapper, G. D. 1959: A three-dimensional solution for waves in the lee of mountains. J. Fluid Mech. 6, 51–76

    Google Scholar 

  • Gilreath, H. E.; Brandt, A. 1985: Experiments on the generation of internal waves in a stratified fluid. AIAA J. 23, 693–700

    Google Scholar 

  • Gorodtsov, V. A.; Teodorovich, E. V. 1982: Study of internal waves in the case of rapid horizontal motion of cylinders and spheres. Fluid Dyn. 17, 893–898

    Google Scholar 

  • Graham, E. W.; Graham, B. B. 1980: The tank wall effect due to a transient vertical force moving at fixed depth in a density stratified fluid. J. Fluid Mech. 97, 91–114

    Google Scholar 

  • Hanazaki, H. 1988: A numerical study of three-dimensional stratified flow past spheres. J. Fluid Mech. 192, 303–419

    Google Scholar 

  • Hopfinger, E. J. 1987: Turbulence in stratified fluid: a review. J. Geophys. Res. 92, 5287–5303

    Google Scholar 

  • Hunt, J. C. R.; Synder, W. H. 1980: Experiments on stably and neutrally stratified flow over a model three-dimensional hill. J. Fluid Mech. 96, 671–704

    Google Scholar 

  • Janowitz, G. S. 1984: Lee waves in three-dimensional stratified flow. J. Fluid Mech. 148, 97–108

    Google Scholar 

  • Lighthill, J. 1978: Waves in fluids. Cambridge University Press.

  • Lin, J. T.; Pao, Y. H. 1979: Wakes in stratified fluids. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 11, 317–338

    Google Scholar 

  • Long, R. R. 1955: Some aspects of the flow of stratified fluids III: Continuous density gradients. Tellus 7, 341–357

    Google Scholar 

  • Makarov, S. A.; Chashechkin, Yu. D. 1981: Apparent internal waves in a fluid with exponential density distribution. J. Appl. Mech. Techn. Phys. 22, 772–779

    Google Scholar 

  • Merritt, G. E. 1974: Wake growth and collapse in a stratified flow. AIAA J. 12, 940–949

    Google Scholar 

  • Miles, J. W. 1971: Internal waves generated by a horizontally moving source. Geophys. Fluid Dyn. 2, 63–87

    Google Scholar 

  • Pao, H. P.; Kao, T. W. 1977: Vortex structure in the wake of a sphere. Phys. Fluids 20, 187–191

    Google Scholar 

  • Peat, K. S.; Stevenson, T. N. 1975: Internal waves around a bod in a compressible density stratified fluid. J. Fluid Mech. 70, 673–688

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, R. B. 1980: Linear theory of stratified hydrostatic flow past an isolated mountain. Tellus 32, 348–364

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Hopfinger, E.J., Flor, J.B., Chomaz, J.M. et al. Internal waves generated by a moving sphere and its wake in a stratified fluid. Experiments in Fluids 11, 255–261 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00192753

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00192753

Keywords

Navigation