Summary
A human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) infected bone allograft model has been created using HTLV-IIIB virus in a concentration simulating a massively HIV infected bone allograft donor [HTLV-III is the denomination initially given to the human immuno-deficiency by the american team of Prof. Gallo. It represent the virus HIV 1 of the present international nomenclature]. 5×104 tissue culture infective doses per ml. of virus were placed within the medullary cavity of bovine femora and tibiae with a radiation dosimeter, and the ends sealed with lead. The bone/virus model was maintained at −70° C while being irradiated with 1 to 4 megarads of gamma irradiation in increments of 0.5 megarads. The study showed that the HTLV-IIIB virus is a relatively radio-resistant organism, a property common to most viruses. The results suggest that HTLV-IIIB can be inactivated in bone infected with a clinically significant viral load, as may be found in donors who are initially negative when screened for HIV. It is recommended that bone allografts which are secondarily sterilized by gamma irradiation receive at least 2.5 megarads. The amount of radiation absorbed by the bone cortex was minimal.
Résumé
Un modèle d'allogreffe osseuse infectée par le virus de l'immuno-déficience humaine (VIH) a été créé en utilisant le virus HTLV-III B [HTLV-III est l'appellation donnée initialement au virus de l'immuno-déficience humaine par l'équipe américaine du Pr Gallo. Il équivaut donc au virus HIV 1 de l'actuelle nomenclature internationale.] à une concentration simulant le cas le plus grave: correspondant à un donneur d'allogreffe osseuse infecté de façon massive par le VIH, 5×104 doses de culture de tissus infectés par ml de virus ont été placées dans le canal médullaire d'un fémur et d'un tibia bovins avec un dosimètre à radiations, les extrémités du modèle étant scellées par du plomb. Le modèle os/virus a été maintenu à une température de −70° Celsius tout en étant soumis à une irradiation gamma de 1 à 4 mégarads par paliers de 0,5 mégarads. Cette étude a montré que le virus HTLV-III B est un organisme relativement résistant aux radiations, propriété commune à la plupart des virus. Les résultats laissent à penser que le virus HTLV-III B pourrait être inactivé dans un os infecté par une charge virale cliniquement significative, comme on peut en trouver chez les donneurs qui réagissent initialement de façon négative aux tests VIH courants. Il est recommandé que les allogreffes osseuses stérilisées par radiations gamma reçoivent au moins 2,5 mégarads. La quantité de radiation absorbée par la corticale osseuse était minimale.
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Campbell, D.G., Li, P., Stephenson, A.J. et al. Sterilization of HIV by gamma irradiation. International Orthopaedics 18, 172–176 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00192474
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00192474