References
Alwin Duane F. (1974). “Approaches to the interpretation of relationships in the multitrait-multimethod matrix”, pp. 79–105 in Herbert L. Costner, ed., Sociological Methodology. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Banks Arthur S. and Textor Robert B. (1963). A Cross-Polity Survey. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Campbell Donald T. and Fiske Donald W. (1959). “Convergent and discriminant validation by the multitrait-multimethod matrix”, Psychological Bulletin 56: 81–105.
Dahl Robert A. (1971). Polyarchy. New Haven: Yale University Press.
DeGrazia Alfred (1964). “What indicates what?”, American Behavioral Scientist 8: 29–31.
Doran Charles, Pendley Robert E. and Antunes George (1973). “A test of crossnational event reliability: global versus regional data sources”, International Studies Quarterly 17: 175–204.
Fitzgibbon Russell H. (1951). “Measurement of Latin American political phenomena: a statistical experiment”, American Political Science Review 45: 517–523.
Fitzgibbon Russell H. (1956). “A statistical evaluation of Latin American democracy”, Western Political Quarterly 9: 607–619.
Fitzgibbon Russell H. (1967). “Measuring democratic change in Latin America”, Journal of Politics 29: 129–166.
Fitzgibbon Russell H. and Johnson Kenneth F. (1961). “Measurement of Latin American political change”, American Political Science Review 55: 515–526.
Hill Kim Quaile (1980). “Measurement problems in cross-national analysis: persisting dilemmas and alternative strategies”, Quality and Quantity 14: 397–413.
Hill, Kim Quaile and von der Mehden, Fred R. (1981). “Cross-national measurement with panels of country experts”, Political Methodology, forthcoming.
Hudson Michael C. (1973). “Data problems in quantitative comparative analysis”, Comparative Politics 5: 611–630.
Jackman Robert W. (1975). Politics and Social Equality: A Comparative Analysis. New York: Wiley.
Johnson Kenneth F. (1976a). “Scholarly images of Latin American political democracy in 1975”, Latin American Research Review 11: 129–140.
Johnson Kenneth F. (1976b). “Measuring the scholarly image of Latin American democracy, 1945–1970”, pp. 347–365 in James W. Wilkie, ed., Statistical Abstract of Latin America: Vol. 17. Los Angeles: UCLA Latin America Center.
May John D. (1973). On the Conditions and Measures of Democracy. Morristown, NJ: General Learning Corporation.
Mueller John E. (1969). Approaches to Measurement in International Relations. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.
Nixon Raymond B. (1960). “Factors related to freedom in national press systems”, Journalism Quarterly 37: 13–28.
Nixon Raymond B. (1965). “Freedom in the world's press: a fresh appraisal with new data”, Journalism Quarterly 42: 3–14, 118–119.
Putnam Robert D. (1967). “Toward explaining military intervention in Latin American politics”, World Politics 20: 83–110.
Von der Mehden Fred R. and Hill Kim Quaile (1980). “Expert judges and crossnational political variables: a test of an alternative measurement strategy”, Comparative Political Studies 12: 497–510.
Welfling Mary B. (1975). “Models, measurement, and sources of error: civil conflict in black Africa”, American Political Science Review 69: 871–888.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hill, K.Q., Hurley, P.A. Convergent and discriminant validity tests for Fitzgibbon-Johnson political scales. Qual Quant 15, 433–443 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00190410
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00190410