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Local criteria for ductile fracture

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Abstract

Strain distributions in specimens suitable for studying the initiation of fracture are reviewed, and distributions are developed for the steady-state propagation of cracks in plane strain lension of fully plastic materials. The functional forms of local fracture criteria are discussed for different metallurgical mechanisms. It is concluded that:

  1. a)

    pure Mode I (normal) fracture is unlikely to exist except in cleavage.

  2. b)

    there is both theoretical and experimental evidence for the development of both: sharp and flat-bottomed cracks.

  3. c)

    simultaneous diffuse and concentrated (Dugdale-Muskhelishvili) flow fields can occur in torsion of longitudinally grooved bars if the stress-strain curve has a maximum which causes band formation, so that a displacement criterion becomes appropriate for final fracture.

Résumé

On passe en revue les distributions de déformations dans les éprouvettes susceptibles de permettre d'étude de l'amorçage de la rupture, et l'on met l'accent sur les configurations relatives à la propagation statique de fissures amorcées dans des matériaux entièrement plastiques sollicités en ètat de déformation.

Les diverses formulations mathématiques des critères de rupture locale sont discutées en fonction de différents types de mécanismes métallurgiques. On conclut de cette étude que:

  1. 1°

    Hormis les cas où se rencontre le clivage, une rupture de mode 1 (normale) a peu de chances de suuvenír.

  2. 2°

    Le développement de fissures aigues et de fissures à fond plat est mis en évidence à ia fois sur le plan théorique et sur le plan expérimental.

  3. 3°

    Dams des barres nanties d`une rainure longitudinale et soumises à torsion il peut survenir simultanément des champs découlement plastique sans frontières bien précises et de type eoncentré (Dugdale-Muskhelishvili) lorsque la courbe tension dilatation présente un maximum qui, en provoquant la formation d'une bande de glissement, rend approprié le recours à un critère de déplacement pour justifier la rupture finale.

Zusammenfassung

Es wurden Spannungsverteilung an Proben, die zum Studium für die Entstehung von Brüchen geeignet sind, nachgeprüft. Verteilungen für die Fortpflanzung der Risse im Festzustand bei planarer Anspannung und mit völlig plastischem Material, wurden entwickelt. Das funktionelle Verhalten von örtlichen Bruchmerkmalen für verschiedene metallurgische Mekanismen wurde diskutiert. Folgendes wurde festgestellt:

  1. a)

    es ist unwahrscheinlich, dass ein exclusiver Modus I (normal) Bruch besteht, ausser bei Teilung.

  2. b)

    es besteht theoretischer und experimenteller Beweis für die Entwicklung von spitzflächigen und flachbödigen Rissen.

  3. c)

    gleichmässig weitverbreitete und konzentrierte (Dugdale-Muskhelisvili) Flussfelder können in Drehungen von länglich gerillten Riemen vorkommen, wenn die Beanspruchungskurve ein Maximum hat, das Riemenbildung verursacht, so dass ein Verformungsmerkmal für den Endbruch zweckmässig wird.

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  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA

    Frank A. McClintock

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McClintock, F.A. Local criteria for ductile fracture. Int J Fract 4, 101–130 (1968). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00188939

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00188939

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