Summary
Central neurotoxicity produced in rats by daily administration of 300 mg/ kg of misonidazole (MISO) 5 times/ week for 4–5 weeks (total dose = 6.0 gm/ kg) was evaluated weekly with brain stem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs). Compared to untreated control rats, all treated rats had a prolongation of the I–IV interpeak latency (p < 0.005) at a mean of 13.2 ± 2.7 days at a cumulative dose of approximately 4.0 gm/ kg of MISO per rat. In some rats, the I–III and I–II interwave latencies were prolonged and waves III and IV were lost. Control rats did not show any significant alteration in BAEP latency or amplitude. Histopathologic examination of the brain stems of treated rats showed that necrotic lesions were present primarily in the nuclei of the tegmentum of the fourth ventricle, with scattered nuclear involvement in the cerebellar roof nuclei, inferior olive, and nucleus of the spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve. The cerebral cortex appeared to be normal in all treated rats. Changes in BAEPs caused by central neurotoxicity correlated with the histopathologic findings. We conclude that BAEPs are a sensitive method for evaluating MISO central neurotoxicity in the rat model.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abratt RP, Blackburn JD: Loss of hearing after misonidazole. Br J Radiol 53:1208, 1980.
Adams GE, Fowler JF, Dische S, et al: Hypoxic cell sensitizers in radiotherapy. Lancet 1:186–188, 1976.
Asquith JC, Foster JL, Willson RL, et al: Metronidazole (‘Flagyl’). A radiosensitizer of hypoxic cells. Br J Radiol 47:474–481, 1974.
Begg AC, Sheldon PW, Foster JL: Demonstration of radiosensitization of hypoxic cells in solid tumours by metronidazole. Br J Radiol 47:399–404, 1974.
Bobbin RP, May JG, Lemoine RL: Effects of pentobarbital and ketamine on brain stem auditory potentials. Arch Otolaryngol 105:467–470, 1979.
Chapman JD, Reuvers AP, Borsa J: Effectiveness of nitrofuran derivatives in sensitizing hypoxic mammalian cells to x-rays. Br J Radiol 46:623–630, 1973.
Conroy P, Von Burg R, Penney DP, et al: Effects of acute and chronic misonidazole administration on peripheralnerve electrophysiology in mice. Br J Cancer 41:523–528, 1980.
Cooper J: Neurotoxicity of hypoxic cell radiosensitizers. Proceedings of a conference on radiozensitizers sponsored by the Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health. Bethesda, MD, 26 March, 1980.
Dische S, Gray AJ, Zanelli GD, et al: Clinical testing of the radiosensitizer Ro-07–0582. II. Radiosensitization of normal and hypoxic skin. Clin Radiol 27:151–157, 1976.
Dische S, Saunders MI, Lee ME, et al: Clinical testing of the radiosensitizer Ro-07–0582: experience with multiple doses. Br J Cancer 35:567, 1977.
Edwards ME, Bolger CA, Levin VA, et al: Evaluation of misonidazole peripheral neurotoxicity in rats by analysis of nerve trains evoked response. Int J Radiol Oncol Biol Phys 8:69–74, 1982.
Frick S, Hacker M: Radiosensitizersmisonidazole(MIS)and desmethylmisonidazole (DEMIS): A comparative intravenous (I.V.) toxicity study using beagle dogs. Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res, 22:263, 1981 (abstract).
Gilroy J, Lynn GE, Ristow GE, et al: Auditory evoked brain stem potentials in a case of ‘locked-in’ syndrome. Arch Neurol (Chic) 34:492–495, 1977.
Griffin JW, Price DL, Kuethe DO, et al: Neurotoxicity of misonidazole in rats. I. Neuropathology. Neurotoxicity 1:299–312, 1979.
Hirst DG, Vognovic B, Hobson B: Changes in nerve conduction velocity in the mouse after acute and chronic administration of nitroinidazoles. Br J Cancer 39:159–167, 1979.
Huang C: A comparative study of the brain auditory response in mammals. Brain Res 184:215–219, 1980.
Jewett DL: Volume-conducted potentials in response to auditory stimuli as detected by averaging in the cat. Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol 28:609–618, 1970.
Jewett DL, Romano MN: Neonatal development of auditory system potentials averaged from the scalp of rat and cat. Brain Res 36:101–135, 1972.
Jewett DL, Williston JS: Auditory-evoked far fields averaged from the scalp of humans. Brain 94:681–696, 1971.
Johnson R, Gomer C, Ambrus J, et al: An investigation of the pharmacological and radiosensitizing effects of the 2-nitroimidazole Ro-07–0582 in primates. Br J Radiol 49:294, 1976.
Mamoli B, Wesseley P, Kogelnik HD, et al: Electroneurographic investigations of misonidazole polyneuropathy. Eur Neurol 18:405–414, 1979.
Nodar RH, Hahn J, Levine HL: Brain stem auditory evoked potentials in determining the site of lesions of brain stem gliomas in children. Laryngoscope 90:258–265, 1980.
Overgaard J: Effect of local hyperthermia on the acute toxicity of misonidazole in mice. Br J Cancer 39:96–98, 1979.
Rebert CS: Thebrain stem auditory evoked response as a tool in neuro-behavioral toxicology and medicine. Motivation, motor and sensory processes of the brain. Prog Brain Res 54:458–462, 1980.
Robertson DM, Wasan SM, Skinner DB: Ultrastructural features of early brain stem lesions of thiamine-deficient rats. Am J Pathol 52:1081–1097, 1968.
Rose GP, Dewar AJ, Stratford IJ: A biochemical method for assessing the neurotoxic effects of misonidazole in the rat. Br J Cancer 42:890–899, 1980.
Starr A, Hamilton AE: Correlation between confirmed sites of neurological lesions and abnormalities of far-field auditory brain stem responses. Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol 41:595–608, 1976.
Stockard JJ, Stockard JE, Sharbrough FW: Brain stem auditory evoked potentials in neurology: Methodology, interpretation, clinical application. In: Aminoff M (ed) Electrodiagnosis in clinical neurology. Churchill-Livingstone, Edinburgh 1981, pp 370–413.
Stockard JJ, Stockard JE, Sharbrough FW: Detection and localization of occult lesions with brainstem auditory responses. Mayo Clin Proc 52:761–769, 1977.
Urtasun RC, Chapman JD, Feldstein ML, et al: Peripheral neuropathy related to misonidazole: Incidence and pathology. Br J Cancer (Suppl 111) 37:271, 1978.
Von Burg R, Conroy PJ, Passalacqua W: Peripheral electrophysiological parameters in mice treated with misonidazole. Br J Cancer 40:134–143, 1979.
Waltzman SB, Cooper JS: Nature and incidence of misonida-zole-produced ototoxicity. Arch Otolarngol 107:52–54, 1981.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Edwards, M.S.B., Powers, S.K., Baringer, R.A. et al. Evoked potentials in rats with misonidazole neurotoxicity. J Neuro-Oncol 1, 115–123 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00182956
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00182956