Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Lipoprotein (a), low-density, intermediate-density lipoprotein, and blood pressure in a young male population

  • Original Article
  • Published:
The clinical investigator Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Both hypercholesterolemia and hypertension are risk factors for atherosclerotic vascular disease, and elevated cholesterol levels occur more frequently than expected in patients with hypertension. Elevated levels of intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDL) and low-density lipoproteins (LDL) were shown to be atherogenic, and LDL, comprising the major cholesterol-carrying fraction in human plasma, are structurally related to lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)], a further risk factor for atherosclerosis. In the present study we investigated 200 male employees (mean age 26±7 years) to determine whether the relationship of IDL and Lp(a) to systemic blood pressure is similar to the reported correlations between total and LDL cholesterol and systemic blood pressure. To this end blood pressure was measured several times in each individual, and lipids, lipoprotein-cholesterol, apolipoprotein B (apo B), and Lp(a) were determined in fasting serum. IDL cholesterol and apo B, the main protein component of IDL and LDL correlated with blood pressure. However, levels of Lp(a) correlated neither with systolic or diastolic blood pressure nor with lipoprotein cholesterol, body weight, or age. Although IDL and Lp(a) are considered lipoprotein risk factors for atherosclerosis, levels of Lp(a), unlike IDL, are not related to blood pressure, body weight, or age. Our data suggest different metabolic and pathophysiological mechanisms of the risk factors, IDL, LDL, and Lp(a).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

VLDL:

very low density lipoprotein

IDL:

intermediate-density lipoprotein

LDL:

low-density lipoprotein

ApoB:

Apolipoprotein B

Lp(a):

lipoprotein (a)

BMI:

body mass index

References

  1. Armstrong VW, Cremer P, Eberle E, Manke A, Schulze F, Wieland H, Krenzer H, Seidel D (1986) The association between serum Lp(a) concentrations and angiographically assessed coronary atherosclerosis-dependence on serum LDL-levels. Atherosclerosis 62:249–257

    Google Scholar 

  2. Assmann G, Schulte H (1988) The Prospective Cardiovascular Münster (PROCAM) study: prevalence of hyperlipidemia in persons with hypertension and/or diabetes mellitus and the relationship to coronary heart disease. Am Heart J 115:1713–1724

    Google Scholar 

  3. Bortz J (1989) Statistik für Sozialwissenschaftler, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York

    Google Scholar 

  4. Castelli WP, Anderson K (1986) A population at risk. Prevalence of high cholesterol levels in hypertensive patients in the Framingham Study. Am J Med 80 [Suppl 2A]:23–32

    Google Scholar 

  5. Day JL, Metcalfe J, Simpson N, Lowenthal L (1984) Adrenergic mechanisms in the control of plasma lipids in man. Am J Med 76 [Suppl 2A]:94–96

    Google Scholar 

  6. Diamond JR (1991) The role of cholesterol in glomerular injury. In: Keane WF, Stein JH (eds) Lipids and renal disease, contemporary issues in nephrology. Churchill-Livingstone, New York, 109–126

    Google Scholar 

  7. Hagerup LM (1973) Coronary heart disease risk factors in men and women; chap 6, arterial blood pressure. Acta Med Scand [Suppl 557]:46–49

    Google Scholar 

  8. Heinrich J, Sandkamp M, Kokott R, Schulte H, Assmann G (1991) Relationship of lipoprotein (a) to variables of coagulation and fibrinolysis in a healthy population. Clin Chem 37:1950–1954

    Google Scholar 

  9. Hjermann I, Helgeland A, Holme I, Lund-Larsen PG, Leren, P (1978) The association between blood pressure and serum cholesterol in healthy men: the Oslo study. J Epidemiol Community Health 32:117–123

    Google Scholar 

  10. Iso H, Jacobs DR, Wentworth D, Neaton JD, Cohen JD, for the MRFIT Research Group (1989) Serum cholesterol levels and six-year mortality from stroke in 350 977 men screened for the multiple risk factor intervention trial. New Engl J Med 320:904–910

    Google Scholar 

  11. Kasiske BL, O'Donnell MP, Cowardin W, Keane WF (1990) Lipids and the kidney. Hypertension 15:443–450

    Google Scholar 

  12. Kostner GM, Krempler F (1992) Lipoprotein (a). Curr Opin Lipidol 3:279–284

    Google Scholar 

  13. Løchen ML (1988) The Tromsö Heart Study: coronary risk factor levels in treated and untreated hypertensives. Acta Med Scand 224: 515–521

    Google Scholar 

  14. MacMahon S, MacDonald GJ, Blacket RB (1985) Plasma lipoprotein levels in treated and untreated hypertensive men and women. Arteriosclerosis 5:391–396

    Google Scholar 

  15. MacMahon SW, MacDonald GJ (1986) Antihypertensive treatment and plasma lipoprotein levels: the associations in data from a population study. Amer J Med 80 [Suppl 2A]:40–47

    Google Scholar 

  16. Maxwell MH, Fitzsimmons E, Harrist R, Hotchkiss J, Langford HG, Payne GH, Schneider KH, Varaday P, (on behalf of the HDFP Cooperative Group) (1983) Baseline laboratory examination characteristics of the hypertensive participants (Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program). Hypertension 5 [Suppl IV]:IV133-IV139

    Google Scholar 

  17. Middeke M (1989) Hypertonie and Fettstoffwechselstörungen. Münchner Med Wochenschr 131:871–875

    Google Scholar 

  18. Nestel PJ, Fidge NH, Tan MH (1982) Increased lipoproteinremnant formation in chronic renal failure. N Engl J Med 307:329–333

    Google Scholar 

  19. Parra HJ, Mezdour H, Cachera C, Dracon M, Taquet A, Fruchart J (1987) Lp(a) lipoprotein in patients with chronic renal failure treated by hemidialysis. Clin Chem 33:721

    Google Scholar 

  20. Redgrave TG, Robert DC, West CE (1975) Separation of plasma lipoproteins by density gradient ultracentrifugation. Anal Biochem 65:42–49

    Google Scholar 

  21. Sandkamp M, Funke H, Schulte H, Kohler E, Assmann G (1990) Lipoprotein (a) is an independent risk factor for myocardial infarction at a young age. Clin Chem 36:20–23

    Google Scholar 

  22. Schriewer H, Assmann G, Sandkamp M (1984) The relationship of lipoprotein (a)(Lp(a)) to risk factors of coronary heart disease: initial results of the prospective epidemiological study on company employees in Westfalia. J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 22:591–596

    Google Scholar 

  23. Seed M, Hoppichler F, Reavely D, McCarthy S, Thompson GR, Boerwinkle E, Utermann G (1990) Relation of serum lipoprotein (a) concentration and apolipoprotein (a) phenotype to coronary heart disease in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia. N Engl J Med 322:1494–1499

    Google Scholar 

  24. Sive PH, Medalie JH, Kahn HA (1971) Distribution and multiple regression analysis of blood pressure in 10000 Israeli men. Am J Epidemiol 93:317–325

    Google Scholar 

  25. Sönnichsen AC, Richter WO, Schwandt P (1990) Reduction of lipoprotein (a) by weight loss. Int J Obes 14:487–491

    Google Scholar 

  26. Steinmetz A, Utermann G (1992) Lipoprotein (a) als Risikofaktor für Arteriosklerose. Internist 33:24–31

    Google Scholar 

  27. Utermann G (1990) Lipoprotein (a): a genetic risk factor for premature coronary heart disease. Curr Opin Lipidol 1:404–410

    Google Scholar 

  28. Utermann G, Hoppichler F, Dieplinger H, Seed M, Thompson GR, Boerwinkle E (1989) Defects in the LDL receptor gene affect Lp(a) lipoprotein levels: multiplicative interaction of two gene loci associated with premature atherosclerosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86:4171–4174

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Author notes

  1. A. Steinmetz

    Present address: Zentrum Innere Medizin Endokrinologie und Stoffwechsel, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, W-3550, Marburg, FRG

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Zentrum Innere Medizin, Abteilungen Endokrinologie und Stoffwechsel, FRG

    A. Steinmetz, A. Kirklies, K. Ehlenz, J. R. Schäfer & H. Kaffarnik

  2. Medizinische Poliklinik, Philipps-Universität Marburg, FRG

    A. Steinmetz, G. Schlosser, W. Cassel, J. H. Peter & P. v. Wichert

Authors
  1. A. Steinmetz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A. Kirklies
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. G. Schlosser
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. W. Cassel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. J. H. Peter
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. K. Ehlenz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. J. R. Schäfer
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. P. v. Wichert
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. H. Kaffarnik
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

Dedicated to Prof. Dr. N. Zöllner on the occasion of his 70th birthday

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Steinmetz, A., Kirklies, A., Schlosser, G. et al. Lipoprotein (a), low-density, intermediate-density lipoprotein, and blood pressure in a young male population. Clin Investig 71, 145–149 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00179996

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00179996

Key words

Search

Navigation