Summary
The distribution of immunoglobulin-bearing cells and the pattern of histopathological changes in the middle ear (ME) mucosa, round window membrane (RWM), and inner ear were compared during acute and chronic immune-mediated otitis media with effusion (OME) in the guinea pig as an animal model. In both acute and chronic immune responses (IRs), mucosal hyperplasia, edema, neovascularization, and cellular infiltration were observed. IgG+ cells were predominant in both the acute and chronic IRs. The number of IgA+ cells, however, increased in the mucosa and RWM during chronic IRs. Only the chronic IR resulted in gland formation within the ME and inflammation within the cochlea. These results indicate that the chronic IR was more similar to reports of clinical OME than the acute IR, The cochlear inflammation associated with chronic OME can lead to sensorineural hearing loss, as reported in clinical studies.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bernstein JM, Tomasi T.B., Ogra P (1974) The immunochemistry of middle ear effusions. Arch Otolaryngol 99:320–326
Brandtzaeg P (1982) Review and discussion of IgA transport across mucosal membranes. In: Strober W, Hanson LA, Sell KW (eds) Recent advances in mucosal immunity. Raven Press, New York, pp 267–285
Bresnick SD, Ryan AF (1989) Modulation of middle ear immune response by gut immunization. Laryngoscope 99:1293–1298
English GM, Northern JL, Fria TJ (1973) Chronic otitis media as a cause of sensorineural hearing loss. Arch otolaryngol 98: 18–22
Faden H, Krystofik DA, Hong JJ, Bernstein JM, Brodsky L, Stanievich J Ogra PL (1988) Immune response to nontypeable Hemophilus influenzae in the general population and among children with otitis media with effusion. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 97 [Suppl 132]:34–36
Harris JP, Ryan AF (1985) The effect of a middle ear immune response on inner ear antibody levels. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 94:202–206
Jalkanan S, Reichert RA, Gallatin WM, Bargatze RF, Weissman IL, Butcher EL (1986) Homing receptors and the control of lymphocyte migration. Immunol Rev 91:39–60
Juhn SK, Giebink GS, Huff JS, Mills EL (1980) Biochemical and immunochemical characteristics of middle ear effusions in relation to bacteriological findings. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 89 [Suppl 68]:161–167
Juhn SK, Hamaguchi M, Goycoolea M (1980) Review of round window membrane permeability. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) [Suppl] 457:43–48
Keithley EM, Ryan AF, Harris JP (1988) Effects of otitis media with effusion on passage of antibody into the inner ear. In: Lim D (ed) Recent advances in otitis media. Decker, Toronto, pp 206–209
Keithley EM, Ryan AF, Harris JP (1988) Role of the round window membrane in middle ear immune responses. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) [Suppl] 457:139–143
Liu YS, Lim DJ, Lang RW, Birck HG (1975) Chronic middle ear effusions. Arch Otolaryngol 101:278–286
Mogi G, Bernstein JM (1987) Immune mechanisms in otitis media with effusion. In: Bernstein JM, Ogra PL (eds) Immunology of the ear. Raven Press, New York, pp 279–300
Mogi G, Maeda S, Yoshida T, Watanabe N (1975) Immunochemistry of otitis media with effusion. J Infect Dis 133:126–136
Ogra PL, Bernstein JM, Yurchak AM, Coppoal PR, Tomasi TB (1974) Characteristics of secretory immune system in human middle ear: implications in otitis media. J Immunol 112: 488–495
Palva T, Taskinen E, Hayry P, Bernstein JM (1987) Inflammatory cell subpopulations in secretory otitis media. In: Bernstein JM, Ogra PL (eds) Immunology of the ear. Raven Press, New York, pp 301–317
Paparella MM, Oda M, Hiraide F, Brady D (1972) Pathology of sensorineural hearing loss in otitis media. Ann Otol 81: 632–647
Paparella MM, Goycoolea MV, Meyerhoff WL, Shea D (1979) Endolymphatic hydrops and otitis media. Laryngoscope 89: 43–54
Ryan AF, Cleveland PH, HArtman MT, Catanzaro A (1982) Humoral and cell-mediated immunity in peripheral blood following introduction of antigen into the middle ear. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 91:70–75
Ryan AF, Catanzaro A, Wasserman ST, Harris JP (1986) Secondary immune responses in the middle ear: immunologic, histologic and physiologic observations. Ann Otol 95:242–249
Ryan AF, Harris JP, Wasserman SI, Catanzaro A (1986) Immunologically mediated models of chronic otitis media with effusion. In: Sade J (ed) Acute and secretory otitis media. Kugler, Amstelveen, pp 245–250
Ryan AF, Harris JP, Keithley EM, Sharp P, Catanzaro A, Batcher S (1988) Antibody production in acute and chronic immune-mediated otitis media with effusion. In: Lim D (ed) Recent advances in otitis media. Decker, Toronto, pp 199–202
Ryan AF, Sharp P, Harris JP (1990) Lymphocyte circulation to the middle ear. Acta Otolaryngol (in press)
Walby AP, Barrera A, Schuknecht HF (1983) Cochlear pathology in chronic suppurative otitis media. Ann Oto 192 [Suppl 103]:1–19
Watanabe N, Briggs BR, Lim D (1982) Experimental otitis media in chinchillas. I. Baseline immunological investigation. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol [Suppl] 93:3–8
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Keithley, E.M., Krekorian, T.D., Sharp, P.A. et al. Comparison of immune-mediated models of acute and chronic otitis media. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 247, 247–251 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00178996
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00178996