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Collective radio-emission from plasmas

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Abstract

Collective radiation processes operating in laboratory and space plasmas are reviewed with an emphasis towards astrophysical applications. Particular stress is placed on the physics involved in the various processes rather than in the detailed derivation of the formulas. Radiation processes from stable non-thermal, weakly turbulent and strongly turbulent magnetized and unmagnetized plasmas are discussed. The general theoretical ideas involved in amplification processes such as stimulated scattering are presented along with their application to free electron and plasma lasers. Direct radio-emission of electromagnetic waves by linear instabilities driven by beams or velocity anisotropies are shown to be of relevance in space applications. Finally, as an example of the computational state of the art pertaining to plasma radiation, a study of the type III solar radio bursts is presented.

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Abbreviations

teB 0 :

ambient magnetic field

B 1 :

perturbed magnetic field

c :

speed of light

E 1 :

perturbed electric field

H :

Heaviside function

I :

unit dyadic

k :

wavevector of radiation fields

K D :

inverse Debye length

m, M :

electron and ion mass

T e , T i :

electron and ion temperature

u :

relativistic velocity

V e , V i :

electron and ion thermal speeds

V P , V g :

wave phase and group velocities

W :

wave spectral energy density

γ :

relativistic factor \({\text{( = 1/}}\sqrt {a - \upsilon ^2 /c^2 } = \sqrt {a - u^2 /c^2 } )\)

ɛ :

plasma dielectric tensor

ɛ L , ɛ T :

longitudinal and transverse components of ɛ in isotropic media (i.e., ɛ=kk ɛ L /k 2+(l−kk/k 2)ɛ T )

η :

index of refraction

θ :

angle between k and B 0

Λ :

plasma dispersion tensor (i.e. Λ=(c 2/ω 2)(kk−k 2 l)+ɛ)

λ:

determinant of λ

ΛD :

Debye length

Ω e :

electron cyclotron frequency

Ω u :

upper hybrid frequency

ω :

wave frequency

ω e :

electron plasma frequency

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Naval Research Laboratory, 20375, Washington, D.C., U.S.A.

    K. Papadopoulos & H. P. Freund

  2. University of Maryland, 20742, College Park, Md., U.S.A.

    K. Papadopoulos & H. P. Freund

Authors
  1. K. Papadopoulos
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  2. H. P. Freund
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Proceedings of the NASA/JPL Workshop on the Physics of Planetary and Astrophysical Magnetospheres.

National Research Council/Naval Research Laboratory Research Associate.

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Papadopoulos, K., Freund, H.P. Collective radio-emission from plasmas. Space Sci Rev 24, 511–566 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00172213

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