Effects of calcium entry blocking agents on 5-hydroxytryptamine- and noradrenaline-induced contractions of rat isolated jugular vein and aorta

Summary

We calculated the contribution of the intracellular releasable calcium pool to the contractile responses induced by 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and noradrenaline (NA) by constructing time-response curves to the agonists in Ca²⁺-deficient medium in the isolated rat jugular vein and aorta. Biexponential curves were obtained compatible with a two compartment model. In the aorta the intracellular calcium pools are likely to be different for both 5-HT and NA. Moreover, we investigated the effect of maximally effective concentrations of calcium entry blocking agents (CEB's) on K⁺, 5-HT- and NA-induced contractions in Ca²⁺-containing medium. Only a moderate inhibiting effect of nifedipine, diltiazem, flunarizine and gallopamil on 5-HT and NA-induced Ca²⁺ influx could be observed; in contrast, K⁺-induced Ca ²⁺ influx could be antagonized completely. The calculated contribution of intracellular Ca ²⁺ to 5-HT-and NA-induced contractions, obtained from the experiments in Ca²⁺-“free” medium was much lower than that obtained after pretreatment with CEB's, leading to the conclusion that after CEB-pretreatment a Ca²⁺ influx component persists. This hypothesis was supported by the observation that contractions in Ca²⁺-“free” medium consist of a monophasic, fast response only, whereas after CEB-pretreatment a response similar to the control, including a slow, sustained component, was obtained. The Ca²⁺ influx component not affected by maximally effective concentrations of CEB's seems to represent an inflow of extracellular Ca²⁺ directly into the cytosol and not into an intracellular calcium store.